thành 
finished 
I am a mature bear. ☊ 
Tôi là một con gấu trưởng thành. ☊ Adjectives 1 mature ☊ trưởng thành ☊ Adjectives 1 My cat wants to become human. ☊ Con mèo của tôi muốn trở thành người. ☊ Verbs 2 become ☊ trở thành ☊ Verbs 2 She succeeds. ☊ Cô ấy thành công. ☊ Verbs 2 If I am her, I will succeed. ☊ Nếu tôi là cô ấy, tôi sẽ thành công. ☊ succeed ☊ thành công ☊ Verbs 2 If we try, we succeed. ☊ Nếu chúng tôi cố gắng, chúng tôi thành công. ☊ Verbs 2 Patience today, success tomorrow ☊ Sự kiên nhẫn hôm nay, sự thành công ngày mai ☊ Nominalization success ☊ sự thành công ☊ Nominalization Who wants to be a mathematician? (= become) ☊ Ai muốn trở thành một nhà toán học? ☊ Jobs 1 She deserves to become a doctor. ☊ Cô ấy xứng đáng trở thành một bác sĩ. ☊ Verbs 2.5 She wants to be a teacher although nobody supports her. ☊ Cô ấy muốn trở thành một giáo viên mặc dù không ai ủng hộ cô ấy. ☊ Conjunctions 2 Generally you will succeed. ☊ Nói chung, bạn sẽ thành công. ☊ Adverbs city ☊ thành phố ☊ Places the road to success ☊ Con đường đến thành công ☊ Places This city has two international hotels. ☊ Thành phố này có hai khách sạn quốc tế. ☊ Travel If I am her, I will succeed. ☊ Tôi mà là cô ấy, tôi sẽ thành công. ☊ Common Phrases 3 They will try until they succeed. ☊ Họ sẽ cố gắng cho đến khi họ thành công. ☊ Common Phrases 3 Every success begind from failure. ☊ Mọi thành công bắt đầu từ thất bại. ☊ Determiners Anybody can become a hero. ☊ Bất kỳ ai đều có thể trở thành một anh hùng. ☊ People From a zero he bomes a hero. ☊ Từ số không anh ấy trở thành anh hùng. ☊ People They are members of a family. ☊ Họ là những thành viên của một gia đình. ☊ Abstract Objects 1 member ☊ thành viên ☊ Abstract Objects 1 The services of this city are very bad. ☊ Các dịch vụ của thành phố này rất tệ. ☊ Abstract Objects 1 Two camels are walking in the city. ☊ Hai con lạc đà đang đi bộ trong thành phố. ☊ Animals 2 The air in this city is very bad. ☊ Không khí ở thành phố này rất tệ. ☊ Nature Where is the City court? ☊ Toà án thành phố ở đâu? ☊ Politics Is he a member of parliament? ☊ Anh ấy là một thành viên của Quốc hội phải không? ☊ Politics The President used to be the mayor of this city. ☊ Tổng thống đã từng là thị trưởng của thành phố này. ☊ Politics She wants to come a poet. ☊ Cô ấy muốn trở thành một nhà thơ. ☊ Arts Peace is the greatest achievement of humans. ☊ Hoà bình là thành tích lớn nhất của con người. ☊ Abstract Objects 2 achievement ☊ thành tích ☊ Abstract Objects 2 I want to become a writer. ☊ Tôi muốn trở thành một nhà văn. ☊ Jobs 2 I want to become a vet. ☊ Tôi muốn trở thành bác sĩ thú y. ☊ Medical Vietnam wants to become a member of the World Economics Organisation ☊ Việt Nam muốn trở thành một thành viên của tổ chức kinh tế thế giới. ☊ Economics Pluto is nat a planet ☊ Sao Diêm Vương không phải là mộ thành tinh. ☊ Astronomy Your achievement is very remarkable. ☊ Thành tích của bạn rất nổi bật. ☊ Adjectives 3 Her success is so admirable. ☊ Thành công của cô ấy thật đáng nể. ☊ Adjectives 3 Everything will become meaningless if I do not have you. ☊ Mọi thứ sẽ trở thành vô nghĩa nếu tôi không có bạn. ☊ Adjectives 3 The success today is a glory. ☊ Thành công hôm nay là một vinh quang. ☊ Adjectives 3 The mayor cannot administer the city. ☊ Thị trưởng không thể quản lý thành phố. ☊ Verbs 5 Form an organisation. ☊ Hình thành một tổ chức ☊ Verbs 5 Family and school help a child to form personality. ☊ Gia đình và trường giúp một đứa trẻ hình thành tính cách. ☊ Verbs 5 form ☊ hình thành ☊ Verbs 5 He would rather surrender than become a prisoner. ☊ Anh ấy thà đầu hàng còn hơn trở thành một tù binh. ☊ Military The missiles are aiming at this city. ☊ Những tên lửa đang nhắm vào thành phố này. ☊ Military How do I get to the city centre / center (am.)? Tôi vào trung tâm thành phố như thế nào? * 027 I need a city map. Tôi cần một cái bản đồ thành phố. * 027 What is there to see in the city? Trong thành phố có gì để xem không? * 027 Go on a city tour. Bạn hãy đi một chuyến vòng quanh thành phố. * 027 When does a bus go to the city centre / center (am.)? Bao giờ có xe buýt đi vào trung tâm thành phố? * 037 Do you have a city map for me? Bạn có bản đồ thành phố cho tôi không? * 043 There is a football / soccer (am.) stadium in our city. Ở trong thành phố của chúng tôi có sân vận động. * 051 We’ll gift wrap it. Chúng tôi gói lại thành quà tặng. * 056 What would you like to become some day? Bạn muốn trở thành gì? * 057 I would like to become an engineer. Tôi muốn thành kỹ sư. * 057 Is your daughter an adult? Con gái bạn đã trưởng thành chưa? * 067 He had no success, only failure. Anh ấy đã không có thành công, mà lại thất bại. * 083 Do you have the city map? I had it just now. Bạn có bản đồ thành phố không? Vừa xong tôi vẫn còn. * 084 I could not find the way because I had no city map. Tôi đã không tìm được đường, bởi vì tôi không có bản đồ thành phố. * 084 I had to buy a city map. Tôi đã phải mua bản đồ thành phố. * 084 Why did you become a teacher? Tại sao bạn đã trở thành giáo viên? * 088 Never be dishonest! Đừng bao giờ không thành thật! * 092 like: thành → →
to know one’s ways about in a city ☊ biết hết ngõ ngách một thành phố ☊ semi-finished product ☊ bán thành phẩm ☊ unwritten ☊ bất thành văn ☊ to begin to take shape ☊ bắt đầu thành hình ☊ to divide into two categories, types ☊ chia thành hai loại ☊ to be split into many factions ☊ chia thành nhiều bè phái ☊ city mouse ☊ chuột thành phố ☊ disaster spreads, bystanders get hurt ☊ cháy thành vạ lây ☊ to sincerely apologize ☊ chân thành cáo lôi ☊ the noisy and gaudy urban areas ☊ chốn thành thị phồn hoa ☊ city, town ☊ cái thành phố ☊ success story ☊ câu chuyện thành công ☊ it’s possible to separate these translators into two groups ☊ có thể chia các dịch giả thành hai nhóm ☊ to appear to be successful ☊ có vẻ thành công ☊ member company ☊ công ty thành viên ☊ city park ☊ công viên thành phố ☊ the poor of a city ☊ dân nghèo thành thị ☊ townsfolk, townspeople, city dweller ☊ dân thành thị ☊ to have two parts, two elements ☊ gồm hai thành phần ☊ to complete, carry out one’s mission ☊ hoàn thành nhiệm vụ ☊ municipal council, city council ☊ hội đồng thành phố ☊ to print as a book, in book form ☊ in thành sách ☊ it’s not an issue ☊ không thành vấn đề ☊ all over the city, citywide ☊ khắp thành phố ☊ sincerity ☊ lòng thành thực ☊ to overcome deceit to obtain what was promised ☊ lộng giả thành chân ☊ wet behind the ears ☊ miệng còn hơi sữa thành ngữ ☊ expertly ☊ một cách thành thạo ☊ newly founded, newly established ☊ mới thành lập ☊ urban development ☊ mở mang các thành phố ☊ to grind something to dust ☊ nghiền vật gì thành bột ☊ outside of town ☊ ngoài thành phố ☊ outside of town, out of town ☊ ngoại ô thành phố ☊ heat evaporates water into steam ☊ nhiệt làm nước bay thành hơi ☊ a snake in the grass ☊ ném đá giấu tay thành ngữ ☊ as hot as fire ☊ nóng như lửa thành ngữ ☊ member nation, member country ☊ nước thành viên ☊ Hanoi urban areas, Hanoi proper ☊ nội thành Hà Nội ☊ member nation (of the UN, e.g.) ☊ quốc gia thành viên ☊ to stand in two lines ☊ sắp thành hai hàng ☊ success ☊ sự thành công ☊ success ☊ sự thành đạt ☊ customer loyalty ☊ sự trung thành của khách hàng ☊ to vanish into smoke ☊ tan thành mây khói ☊ insincere, lacking in sincerity ☊ thiếu thành thật ☊ in the center of Hanoi ☊ trung tâm thành phố Hà Nội ☊ to become a member ☊ trở thành hội viên ☊ to become an obstacle ☊ trở thành một trở ngại ☊ to become a large topic ☊ trở thành một đề tài lớn ☊ to become reality ☊ trở thành sự thật ☊ to become a disaster, tragedy ☊ trở thành thảm họa ☊ to become meaningless ☊ trở thành vô nghĩa ☊ close the eyes ☊ tít mắt thành ngữ ☊ foundation, establishment ☊ việc thành lập ☊ adjacent areas to a town ☊ vùng phụ cận thành phố ☊ minor (person), juvenile ☊ vị thành niên ☊ to strike at the foundation, core of ☊ đánh vào thành trì ☊ set up, established in 1981 ☊ được thành lập vào năm 1981 ☊ to obtain a result, results ☊ đạt thành quả ☊ outside the town ☊ ở ngoài thành phố ☊ to improvise a poem ☊ ứng khẩu thành thơ ☊ 
fertig ☊ xong, hoàn thành ☊ 
结束 ☊ jiéshù aufwachen ☊ thức dậy, trưởng thành ☊ 醒来 ☊ xǐnglái im Stadtzentrum ☊ ở trung tâm thành phố ☊ 在市中心 ☊ zài shìzhōngxīn fein ☊ dịu, thanh đạm ☊ 精致的 ☊ jīng zhì de städtisch ☊ thành thị ☊ 城市的 ☊ chéng shì de gelingen ☊ thành công ☊ 成功 ☊ chéng gōng erfüllen ☊ làm trọn, hoàn thành ☊ 满足 ☊ mǎn zú übertreffen ☊ lập thành tích, vượt xa ☊ 超过 ☊ chāo guò verwandeln ☊ biến thành ☊ 转变 ☊ zhuǎn biàn erledigen ☊ hoàn thành ☊ 处理 ☊ chù lǐ erwachsen sein ☊ trưởng thành ☊ 成人 ☊ chéng rén jugendlich ☊ Đang tuổi thanh niên ☊ 少年的 ☊ shào nián de gegründet ☊ thành lập ☊ 建立起来 ☊ jiàn lì qǐ lái löschen ☊ xóa, bỏ, thanh toán ☊ 删除 ☊ shān chú erfolgreich ☊ thành đạt ☊ 成功的 ☊ chéng gōng de einen Satz formulieren ☊ thành lập câu, tạo câu ☊ 起草一个句子 ☊ qǐcǎo yī gè jùzi geübt sein ☊ thành thạo ☊ 熟练 ☊ shúliàn aufrichtig ☊ thật thà, thành thật ☊ 坦诚的 ☊ tǎnchéng de einwilligen ☊ tán thành ☊ 同意 ☊ tóngyì unbestechlich ☊ liêm chính, thanh liêm ☊ 廉正的 ☊ liánzhèng de zahlungsfähig ☊ có khả năng thanh toán ☊ 有支付能力的 ☊ yǒu zhīfù nénglì de zahlungsunfähig ☊ không có khả năng thanh toán ☊ 无支付能力的 ☊ wú zhīfù nénglì de entstehen ☊ nảy sinh, hình thành ☊ 发生 ☊ fāshēng wölben ☊ làm cong lại thành vòm ☊ 使 ... 成弧形 ☊ shǐ ... chéng húxíng zutraulich sein ☊ trung thành ☊ 不认生 ☊ bù rèngshēng eine Stadt gründen ☊ lập nên một thành phố ☊ 建立一座城市 ☊ jiànlì yī zuò chéngshì eine Stadt belagern ☊ bao vây một thành phố ☊ 包围一座城市 ☊ bāowéi yī zuò chéngshì vernarben ☊ thành sẹo ☊ 结疤 ☊ jiébā heilig ☊ thánh, thiêng liêng ☊ 圣洁的 ☊ shèngjié de andächtig ☊ thành kính ☊ 虔诚的 ☊ qiánchéng de fertig ☊ xong, hoàn thành ☊ ☊ die Stadt ☊ thành phố ☊ ☊ der Stadtplan ☊ bản đồ thành phố ☊ ☊ das Stadtzentrum ☊ trung tâm thành phố ☊ ☊ aufwachen ☊ thức dậy, trưởng thành ☊ ☊ das Stadtzentrum ☊ trung tâm thành phố ☊ ☊ im Stadtzentrum ☊ ở trung tâm thành phố ☊ ☊ die Schlagsahne ☊ sữa đánh thành kem ☊ ☊ die Außenbezirke ☊ ngoại vi thành phố ☊ ☊ die Rechnung ☊ hóa đơn thanh toán ☊ ☊ die Stadt ☊ thành phố ☊ ☊ fein ☊ dịu, thanh đạm ☊ ☊ der Erfolg ☊ thành công ☊ ☊ das Tor ☊ khung thành ☊ ☊ städtisch ☊ thành thị ☊ ☊ gelingen ☊ thành công ☊ ☊ erfüllen ☊ làm trọn, hoàn thành ☊ ☊ die Anforderungen erfüllen ☊ hoàn thành yêu cầu ☊ ☊ übertreffen ☊ lập thành tích, vượt xa ☊ ☊ verwandeln ☊ biến thành ☊ ☊ erledigen ☊ hoàn thành ☊ ☊ das Mitglied ☊ thành viên ☊ ☊ der Jugendliche ☊ người thanh niên ☊ ☊ erwachsen sein ☊ trưởng thành ☊ ☊ jugendlich ☊ Đang tuổi thanh niên ☊ ☊ das Kreuz ☊ thánh giá ☊ ☊ gegründet ☊ thành lập ☊ ☊ löschen ☊ xóa, bỏ, thanh toán ☊ ☊ erfolgreich ☊ thành đạt ☊ ☊ einen Satz formulieren ☊ thành lập câu, tạo câu ☊ ☊ der Abschluss ☊ sự tốt nghiệp, sự hoàn thành ☊ ☊ geübt sein ☊ thành thạo ☊ ☊ die Bezahlung ☊ thanh toán, sự trả tiền ☊ ☊ der Freimaurer ☊ thành viên hội tam điểm ☊ ☊ aufrichtig ☊ thật thà, thành thật ☊ ☊ einwilligen ☊ tán thành ☊ ☊ unbestechlich ☊ liêm chính, thanh liêm ☊ ☊ die Zahlung ☊ sự thanh toán ☊ ☊ zahlungsfähig ☊ có khả năng thanh toán ☊ ☊ zahlungsunfähig ☊ không có khả năng thanh toán ☊ ☊ die Kante ☊ thành, cạnh ☊ ☊ die Stange ☊ thanh, gậy, cột ☊ ☊ der Stab ☊ thanh, que ☊ ☊ das Element ☊ yếu tố, thành phần ☊ ☊ der Schalldämpfer ☊ thiết bị giảm thanh ☊ ☊ entstehen ☊ nảy sinh, hình thành ☊ ☊ wölben ☊ làm cong lại thành vòm ☊ ☊ die Zutaten vermengen ☊ rộn các thành phần ( thức ăn), trộn gia vị ☊ ☊ zutraulich sein ☊ trung thành ☊ ☊ der Torpfosten ☊ khung thành, cầu môn ☊ ☊ die Wohnung einweihen ☊ khánh thành căn hộ, mở tiệc tân gia ☊ ☊ die Aufnahme ☊ thu thanh, thu âm ☊ ☊ eine Stadt gründen ☊ lập nên một thành phố ☊ ☊ eine Stadt belagern ☊ bao vây một thành phố ☊ ☊ vernarben ☊ thành sẹo ☊ ☊ der Kehlkopf ☊ thanh quản ☊ ☊ das Sprichwort ☊ ngạn ngữ, thành ngữ, câu châm ngôn ☊ ☊ der Heilige ☊ vị thánh ☊ ☊ heilig ☊ thánh, thiêng liêng ☊ ☊ die Ruhe ☊ sự yên tĩnh, sự thanh bình ☊ ☊ andächtig ☊ thành kính ☊ ☊ Tri möchte mit dem Taxi in die Stadt fahren. ☊ Tri muốn đi Taxi vào thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 4, Nr. 29) Eine einfache Fahrkarte in die Stadt bitte. ☊ Làm ơn cho một vé một chiều vào thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 4, Nr. 37) Es gibt ein großes Plakat in der Stadt mit der folgenden Schlagzeile: ☊ Có một tấm áp phích ở trong thành phố với dòng chữ sau: ☊ (Lektion 7, Nr. 62) Besichtigungstour durch die Innenstadt. ☊ Chuyến tham quan thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 7, Nr. 63) Zum Beispiel das Stadtzentrum, die Altstadt, Denkmäler und Kirchen. ☊ Ví dụ như trung tâm thành phố, khu phố cố, tượng đài và nhà thờ. ☊ (Lektion 7, Nr. 65) Kein Problem, wir haben oben reizende Zimmer mit Bad. Ist das okay? ☊ Không thành vấn đề, ở tầng trên chúng tôi có phòng với buồng tắm. Có được không ạ? ☊ (Lektion 8, Nr. 72) In der Stadt verirrt ☊ Bị lạc trong thành phố ☊ (Lektion 11, Nr. 101) Tri macht einen Spaziergang durch das Stadtzentrum. ☊ Tri đi dạo qua trung tâm thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 11, Nr. 102) Das Zentrum ist im Außenbezirk der Stadt. ☊ Trung tâm nằm ở ngoại ô thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 13, Nr. 131) Sie lebt in der gleichen Stadt wie Tri. ☊ Cô ấy sống cùng thành phố với Tri. ☊ (Lektion 15, Nr. 157) Tri wollte nie nach Hô Chí Minh, aber Trang ist dort aufgewachsen. ☊ Tri không bao giờ muốn đến thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, nhưng Trang đã lớn lên ở đó. ☊ (Lektion 17, Nr. 179) Tri denkt, dass Hô Chí Minh solch eine graue, schreckliche und langweilige Stadt ist. ☊ Tri cho rằng thành phố Hồ Chí Minh là một thành phố khủng khiếp và buồn tẻ. ☊ (Lektion 17, Nr. 180) Gestern war ich mit Trang in Hô Chí Minh. ☊ Hôm qua, em cùng với Trang thăm thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. ☊ (Lektion 18, Nr. 201) Tri lief durch die ganze Stadt, bevor er die Adresse des Juweliers fand. ☊ Tri dạo quanh toàn bộ thành phố, trước khi anh ấy tìm thấy địa chỉ cửa tiệm kim hoàn. ☊ (Lektion 26, Nr. 326) Es war ein sehr kleines Geschäft im Außenbezirk der Stadt. ☊ Đó là một cửa hàng rất nhỏ nằm ở ngoại ô thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 26, Nr. 327) Er hat eine ganze Stadt für die Katzen aufgebaut. ☊ Cậu ta xây cả một thành phố cho mèo. ☊ (Lektion 35, Nr. 489) Die Stadt ist voll von Mäusen, Ratten und Vögeln, damit die Katzen Nahrung haben. ☊ Thành phố có đầy chuột nhắt, chuột cống và chim, đế mèo có thức ăn. ☊ (Lektion 35, Nr. 490) Ich war in jedem Sportgeschäft in dieser Stadt. ☊ Em đã xem tất cả các cửa hàng thể thao trong thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 36, Nr. 500) Trang hat ein nettes Apartment in der Stadtmitte gefunden. ☊ Trang đã tìm thấy một căn hộ rất tốt ở giữa thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 37, Nr. 519) Das wäre ein Nachteil. ☊ Đó sẽ thành bất lợi. ☊ (Lektion 44, Nr. 640) Sie ist geschickt im Umgang mit Werkzeug und praktisch veranlagt. ☊ Cô thành thạo với các dụng cụ và có tố chất ứng dụng. ☊ (Lektion 46, Nr. 655) Wir sitzen gleich hinter dem Tor. ☊ Chúng ta ngồi ngay sau khung thành. ☊ (Lektion 49, Nr. 703) Ich finde deine Fotos sehr gelungen. ☊ Em thấy những bức ảnh của anh rất thành công. ☊ (Lektion 57, Nr. 814) Durch enge Gassen muss er sich durch die Altstadt schlängeln. ☊ Xuyên qua ngõ nhỏ anh phải ngoằn ngèo qua thành phố cổ. ☊ (Lektion 67, Nr. 955) Liebe Familie, wir möchten Euch herzlich zu unserer Hochzeit am Samstag, den 12. Mai, einladen. ☊ Chúng tôi thân mời gia đình bạn tới dự lễ thành hôn của chúng tôi vào thứ 7, ngày 12.05 tới. ☊ (Lektion 75, Nr. 1069) In der Stadt ☊ Trong thành phố ☊ (Lektion 76, Nr. 1080) Du hast recht, wir müssen uns beeilen, weil wir noch soviel zu erledigen haben. ☊ Anh nói đúng, chúng ta phải nhanh lên, vì chúng ta con nhiều thứ phải hoàn thành. ☊ (Lektion 76, Nr. 1084) Sehr gut, das klingt nach einem gelungenen Abendprogramm! ☊ Rất tốt, điều này nghe có vẻ mang đến một chương trình đêm thành công! ☊ (Lektion 78, Nr. 1115) Alle Gäste bilden eine lange Warteschlange. Jeder will ein Stück der Torte. ☊ Tất cả khách khứa tạo thành một hàng dài. Ai cũng muốn một miếng bánh. ☊ (Lektion 79, Nr. 1126) Der Steinbock strebt nach beruflichem Erfolg und hat gern alles unter Kontrolle. ☊ Dương cưu luôn theo đuổi sự thành công trong công việc và thích kiểm soát được mọi việc. ☊ (Lektion 80, Nr. 1144) Er ist in einem anderen Land aufgewachsen und hat viele Fragen: ☊ Anh ta trưởng thành trên một nước khác và có nhiều thắc mắc: ☊ (Lektion 81, Nr. 1149) Du könntest erfolgreicher sein. ☊ Anh có thể thành đạt hơn. ☊ (Lektion 82, Nr. 1169) Lass uns doch gemeinsam neue Arbeitsstellen suchen und in eine andere Stadt ziehen. ☊ Chúng ta hãy cùng tìm chỗ làm mới và chuyển đến một thành phố khác. ☊ (Lektion 82, Nr. 1171) Ich hätte auch Lust, eine andere Stadt kennenzulernen. ☊ Anh còn rất hứng thú làm quen với một thành phố khác. ☊ (Lektion 82, Nr. 1173) Wolltest du denn nicht immer Journalistin werden? ☊ Vậy em không muốn trở thành nữ nhà báo nữa hả? ☊ (Lektion 83, Nr. 1189) Vielen Dank für Ihr Schreiben vom 01. März. ☊ Xin chân thành cám ơn bức thư của anh / chị gửi ngày 01.03 ☊ (Lektion 89, Nr. 1326) Vielen Dank für Ihre rasche Antwort. ☊ Xin chân thành cám ơn câu trả lời rất nhanh chóng của anh / chị . ☊ (Lektion 89, Nr. 1329) Vielen Dank für deine schnelle Antwort. ☊ Xin chân thành cám ơn câu trả lời rất nhanh chóng của bạn. ☊ (Lektion 89, Nr. 1330) Ich habe gerade meine Doktorarbeit abgeschlossen. ☊ Tôi vừa hoàn thành xong bài luận văn tiến sĩ. ☊ (Lektion 94, Nr. 1434) Wohnen Sie auch hier in der Stadt? ☊ Anh / Chị cũng sống ở thành phố này phải không? ☊ (Lektion 95, Nr. 1460) Bei Zahlung innerhalb von 14 Tagen gewähren wir Ihnen 2% Skonto. ☊ Nếu thanh toán trong vòng 14 ngày chúng tôi sẽ khuyến mại 2% cho quý khách. ☊ (Lektion 98, Nr. 1574) Bitte bezahlen Sie diese Rechnung innerhalb von 30 Tagen. ☊ Xin vui lòng thanh toán hóa đơn trong vòng 30 ngày. ☊ (Lektion 98, Nr. 1606) Die Ware bleibt bis zur vollständigen Zahlung unser Eigentum. ☊ Hàng vẫn thuộc về công ty chúng tôi cho đến khi thanh toán từ phía quý vị được hoàn tất. ☊ (Lektion 98, Nr. 1607) Ich schlage vor, dieses große Problem in mehreren kleinen Schritten zu lösen. ☊ Tôi đề nghị chúng ta chia vấn đề lớn này thành nhiều bước nhỏ để giải quyết. ☊ (Lektion 102, Nr. 1725) Mein Praktikum war leider ein Misserfolg: Ich habe zwei Monate lang nur Kaffee gekocht und Akten kopiert. ☊ Khóa thực tập của tôi đáng tiếc đã không thành công: Trong suốt hai tháng tôi chỉ pha cà phê và copy tài liệu. ☊ (Lektion 103, Nr. 1761) Sie haben Ihre Promotion im Fach Bioinformatik erfolgreich abgeschlossen? ☊ Anh / Chị đã tốt nghiệp thành công tiến sĩ về lĩnh vực tin sinh học phải không? ☊ (Lektion 104, Nr. 1776) Sie haben Ihr Studium erfolgreich abgeschlossen und schon einige Erfahrungen in der Praxis gesammelt. ☊ Anh / Chị đã tốt nghiệp đại học thành công và đã có một chút kinh nghiệm thực tế. ☊ (Lektion 104, Nr. 1778) In den letzten beiden Jahren habe ich für meine Firma erfolgreich internationale Projekte geleitet. ☊ Trong hai năm vừa qua tôi đã điều hành thành công các dự án quốc tế cho công ty của tôi. ☊ (Lektion 105, Nr. 1817) 2004 habe ich mein Studium erfolgreich abgeschlossen. ☊ Năm 2004 tôi đã tốt nghiệp thành công khóa học đại học. ☊ (Lektion 106, Nr. 1850) 2008 habe ich meine Promotion erfolgreich abgeschlossen. ☊ Năm 2008 tôi đã tốt nghiệp thành công khóa tiến sĩ. ☊ (Lektion 106, Nr. 1851) Werden Sie mir die Kosten für die Anreise zum Vorstellungsgespräch ersetzen? ☊ Ông / Bà sẽ thanh toán chi phí đi lại của tôi cho cuộc phỏng vấn này chứ? ☊ (Lektion 107, Nr. 1863) Gelungene Zusammenarbeit im Team motiviert mich. ☊ Sự hợp tác thành công trong nhóm khích lệ tôi. ☊ (Lektion 108, Nr. 1935) Wie möchten Sie den Erfolg unseres Unternehmens steigern? ☊ Anh / Chị muốn làm tăng sự thành công của công ty chúng tôi thế nào? ☊ (Lektion 108, Nr. 1947) Wie können Sie zu unserem Erfolg beitragen? ☊ Anh / Chị có thể đóng góp vào sự thành công của chúng tôi thế nào? ☊ (Lektion 108, Nr. 1948) Wie sieht es mit Bonuszahlungen aus? ☊ Việc thanh toán tiền thưởng sẽ thế nào? ☊ (Lektion 108, Nr. 1969) Wir glauben, dass Sie zum Erfolg unseres Unternehmens beitragen werden. ☊ Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng, anh / chị sẽ đóng góp vào sự thành công của công ty chúng tôi. ☊ (Lektion 109, Nr. 1981) Ich habe eine Firma gegründet. ☊ Tôi đã thành lập một công ty. ☊ (Lektion 110, Nr. 1997) Ich arbeite in der Filiale in der Stadtmitte. ☊ Tôi làm việc ở chi nhánh ở trung tâm thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 110, Nr. 2002) Ich arbeite in einem schönen Büro: Ich habe einen großen Schreibtisch und wenn ich aus dem Fenster schaue, kann ich über die ganze Stadt blicken. ☊ Tôi làm việc ở một văn phòng rất đẹp: Tôi có một cái bàn làm việc to và nếu nhìn ra ngoài cửa sổ tôi có thể nhìn thấy toàn bộ thành phố. ☊ (Lektion 111, Nr. 2033) Das Thema meines Vortrags lautet "10 Schritte zur erfolgreichen Existenzgründung". ☊ Chủ đề bài diễn thuyết của tôi là „ 10 bước để thành lập doanh nghiệp thành công“. ☊ (Lektion 114, Nr. 2086) Vielen Dank für's Zuhören. ☊ Chân thành cám ơn sự lắng nghe (của quý vị). ☊ (Lektion 114, Nr. 2115) Ich bedanke mich für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit. ☊ Tôi chân thành cám ơn sự quan tâm theo dõi của quý vị. ☊ (Lektion 114, Nr. 2117) Vielen Dank – auch im Namen aller Kollegen und Kolleginnen – für diese interessante Präsentation. ☊ Thay mặt tất cả các đồng nghiệp xin chân thành cám ơn bài diễn thuyết rất thú vị này. ☊ (Lektion 114, Nr. 2121) Ich habe die Finanzierung dieses Projektes geklärt. ☊ Tôi đã giải thích về việc thanh toán cho dự án này. ☊ (Lektion 116, Nr. 2176) Bis wann muss diese Aufgabe erledigt sein? ☊ Đến khi nào thì phần việc này phải được hoàn thành? ☊ (Lektion 116, Nr. 2187) Das werde ich sofort erledigen. ☊ Tôi sẽ hoàn thành việc đó ngay lập tức. ☊ (Lektion 116, Nr. 2199) In diesem Punkt muss ich Ihnen widersprechen. ☊ Ở điểm này tôi không tán thành ý kiến với anh / chị / ông / bà. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2202) Wir werden rechtzeitig fertig. ☊ Chúng ta sẽ hoàn thành đúng thời hạn. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2213) Wir werden nicht rechtzeitig fertig. ☊ Chúng ta sẽ không hoàn thành đúng thời hạn. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2214) Dieser Teil des Projektes muss bis Montag fertig sein! ☊ Phần này của dự án phải được hoàn thành đến thứ hai. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2220) Sie haben gute Arbeit geleistet. ☊ Anh / Chị đã hoàn thành tốt công việc. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2222) Ich danke Ihnen für Ihre schnelle und zuverlässige Arbeit. ☊ Tôi cám ơn anh / chị đã hoàn thành công việc nhanh chóng và có trách nhiệm. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2223) Das Projekt ist ein voller Erfolg. ☊ Dự án này là một thành công lớn. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2235) Der erste Test war erfolgreich. ☊ Lần thử nghiệm đầu tiên đã thành công. ☊ (Lektion 117, Nr. 2239) Bei dieser Konferenz treffen sich Wissenschaftler aus der ganzen Welt und tauschen sich über ihre Forschungsergebnisse aus. ☊ Tại hội thảo này, các nhà khoa học đến từ khắp nơi trên thế giới gặp gỡ và trao đổi với nhau về các thành quả nghiên cứu. ☊ (Lektion 122, Nr. 2362) Auf dieser Tagung werden aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse vorgestellt. ☊ Buổi hội thảo này sẽ giới thiệu các thành quả nghiên cứu mới nhất. ☊ (Lektion 122, Nr. 2370) Ich brauche eine Quittung für die Abrechnung meiner Reisekosten. ☊ Tôi cần một tờ hóa đơn cho việc thanh toán chi phí đi lại của tôi. ☊ (Lektion 123, Nr. 2394) Unsere Firma feiert 20jähriges Jubiläum und wir möchten Sie als gute Kunden gerne dazu einladen. ☊ Công ty chúng tôi kỷ niệm 20 năm thành lập và chúng tôi rất muốn mời quý vị với tư cách là một khách hàng quan trọng tới cùng tham gia. ☊ (Lektion 124, Nr. 2412) Ich möchte auf den erfolgreichen Abschluss dieses Projektes anstoßen. ☊ Tôi muốn nâng cốc cho việc kết thúc thành công dự án này. ☊ (Lektion 124, Nr. 2453) Wir möchten zahlen bitte. ☊ Chúng tôi muốn thanh toán. ☊ (Lektion 124, Nr. 2457) Ich brauche eine Quittung, bitte. ☊ Tôi cần một hóa đơn thanh toán. ☊ (Lektion 124, Nr. 2464) Diese Rechnung ist seit 20 Tagen überfällig. ☊ Hóa đơn thanh toán đã quá hạn 20 ngày. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2527) Wir möchten Sie daran erinnern, dass Sie Ihre Rechnung mit der Nummer 01546 noch nicht bezahlt haben. ☊ Chúng tôi muốn nhắc ông/ bà / quý vị rằng ông / bà / quý vị vẫn chưa thanh toán hóa đơn số 01546. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2528) Sie haben Ihre Rechnung (Nr. 01546) bis heute nicht bezahlt. ☊ Ông / Bà / Quý vị cho đến hôm nay vẫn chưa thanh toán hóa đơn (số 01546). ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2529) Wir warten immer noch auf Ihre Zahlung. ☊ Chúng tôi vẫn đang chờ sự thanh toán của ông / bà / quý vị. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2531) Zahlen Sie bitte umgehend den offenen Rechnungsbetrag. ☊ Xin hãy thanh toán ngay số tiền còn nợ. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2532) Wir fordern Sie auf den Betrag umgehend zu bezahlen. ☊ Chúng tôi yêu cầu ông / bà / quý vị thanh toán ngay số tiền. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2533) Wir bitten Sie die Zahlung in Höhe von 400.- Euro bis spätestens zum 01.03. nachzuholen. ☊ Chúng tôi đề nghị ông / bà / quý vị thanh toán số tiền 400 Euro chậm nhất đến ngày 01.03. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2534) Ich muss Sie nochmals um die Zahlung der Rechnung bitten. ☊ Một lần nữa tôi xin yêu cầu ông /bà / quý vị thanh toán số tiền. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2537) Sollten Sie den Betrag bereits bezahlt haben, so danken wir Ihnen und bitten Sie dieses Schreiben als gegenstandslos zu betrachten. ☊ Nếu ông / bà /quý vị đã thanh toán số tiền rồi, chúng tôi xin cám ơn và đề nghị ông / bà /quý vị không phải để tâm đến bức thư này. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2538) Wir erwarten Ihre Zahlung innerhalb von 10 Tagen. ☊ Chúng tôi chờ đợi sự thanh toán của ông / bà / quý vị trong vòng 10 ngày tới. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2540) Diese Zahlung ist jetzt seit zwei Monaten fällig. ☊ Hóa đơn này đã quá hạn thanh toán từ hai tháng nay. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2541) Da Sie die letzte Rechnung erst nach der 2. Mahnung bezahlt haben, werden wir keine weiteren Bestellungen von Ihnen annehmen. ☊ Vì ông / bà / quý vị chỉ thanh toán hóa đơn lần trước sau thư nhắc nhở lần hai, do vậy chúng tôi sẽ không nhận các đơn đặt hàng tiếp theo của ông / bà / quý vị. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2545) Wir haben diese Rechnung anscheinend übersehen. ☊ Chúng tôi có lẽ đã bỏ sót hóa đơn thanh toán này. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2547) Wir haben diese Rechnung schon bezahlt. ☊ Chúng tôi đã thanh toán hóa đơn này rồi. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2550) Ich werde bei unserer Bank nachfragen, warum sich die Zahlung verzögert. ☊ Tôi sẽ hỏi lại ngân hàng, tại sao quá trình thanh toán bị chậm. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2552) Unsere Zahlung an Sie wurde wieder zurückgebucht. ☊ Số tiền thanh toán của chúng tôi gửi đến quý vị bị chuyển ngược lại. ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2553) Ist es möglich die Rechnung in monatlichen Raten zu bezahlen? ☊ Chúng tôi có thể thanh toán hóa đơn này bằng việc trả góp hàng tháng được không? ☊ (Lektion 126, Nr. 2555) 2329
Someone whose job is to inspect factories is a factory inspector. ☊ Người nào mà công việc là thị sát nhà máy là một thanh tra nhà máy. ☊ accept sb into sth: She had never been accepted into what was essentially a man's world. ☊ accept ☊
it is accepted that...: It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. ☊ accept ☊
accept sth: Please accept our sincere apologies. ☊ accept ☊
Air pollution in the city had reached four times the acceptable levels. ☊ acceptable ☊
I paid the cheque into my savings account. ☊ account ☊
How do you account for the show's success? ☊ account for sth ☊
He had finally achieved success. ☊ achieve ☊
the greatest scientific achievement of the decade ☊ achievement ☊
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player. ☊ achievement ☊
They were proud of their children's achievements. ☊ achievement ☊
the need to raise standards of achievement in education ☊ achievement ☊
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement (= a feeling of pride). ☊ achievement ☊
A Committee on Safety of Medicines was set up under the Act. ☊ act ☊
sexually active teenagers ☊ active ☊
an ad for a new chocolate bar ☊ ad ☊
It can be difficult to adjust to being a parent. ☊ adjust ☊
admit sb/sth to/into sth: You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started. ☊ admit ☊
preparing young people for adult life ☊ adult ☊
the adult population ☊ adult ☊
adult monkeys ☊ adult ☊
radio/TV advertising ☊ advertising ☊
You're allowed an hour to complete the test. ☊ allow ☊
a loyal ally of the United States ☊ ally ☊
Did you always want to be an actor? ☊ always ☊
an amazing achievement/discovery/success/performance ☊ amazing ☊
ambition of being/doing sth: She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer. ☊ ambition ☊
Small amounts will be paid in cash. ☊ amount ☊
He tried and tried but without success. ☊ and ☊
announce that...: We are pleased to announce that all five candidates were successful. ☊ announce ☊
+ speech: 'Now boarding flight 897, destination Seattle,' the loudspeaker announced. ☊ announce ☊
anxious to do sth: She was anxious to finish school and get a job. ☊ anxious ☊
Anybody can use the pool—you don't need to be a member. ☊ anybody ☊
I've finished apart from the last question. ☊ apart from ☊
The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me. ☊ appeal ☊
This problem first appeared in the inner cities. ☊ appear ☊
Posters for the gig appeared all over town. ☊ appear ☊
application for sth/to do sth: an application for membership/a loan/a licence ☊ application ☊
We heard the sound of an approaching car/a car approaching. ☊ approach ☊
Several people nodded in approval. ☊ approval ☊
rural/urban/inner-city areas ☊ area ☊
There is heavy traffic in the downtown area tonight. ☊ area ☊
argue that...: He argued that they needed more time to finish the project. ☊ argue ☊
There were several young people sitting around looking bored. ☊ around ☊
a work of great artistic merit ☊ artistic ☊
artistic abilities/achievements/skills/talent ☊ artistic ☊
ask sb to do sth: All the students were asked to complete a questionnaire. ☊ ask ☊
The book aims to cover all aspects of city life. ☊ aspect ☊
Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. ☊ assume ☊
Two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water. ☊ atom ☊
Please complete the attached application form. ☊ attached ☊
attack sb/sth for sth/for doing sth: She has been attacked for ignoring her own party members. ☊ attack ☊
attack sb/sth: At dawn the army attacked the town. ☊ attack ☊
attack sb: A woman was attacked and robbed by a gang of youths. ☊ attack ☊
attempt at sth/at doing sth: The couple made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise. ☊ attempt ☊
attempt sth: The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed. ☊ attempt ☊
Youth is simply an attitude of mind. ☊ attitude ☊
City life holds little attraction for me. ☊ attraction ☊
His book reached an even wider audience when it was made into a movie. ☊ audience ☊
The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers. ☊ audience ☊
In spite of their very different backgrounds, they immediately became friends. ☊ background ☊
She felt that going back to live in her home town would be a backward step. ☊ backward ☊
I did badly (= was not successful) in my exams. ☊ badly ☊
The balance of $500 must be paid within 90 days. ☊ balance ☊
My salary is paid directly into my bank. ☊ bank ☊
He smashed the window with an iron bar. ☊ bar ☊
All the ground floor windows were fitted with bars. ☊ bar ☊
a five-bar gate (= one made with five horizontal bars of wood) ☊ bar ☊
a bar of chocolate/soap ☊ bar ☊
candy bars ☊ bar ☊
the island's only licensed bar (= one that is allowed to sell alcoholic drinks) ☊ bar ☊
a sandwich bar ☊ bar ☊
barrier to sth: Lack of confidence is a psychological barrier to success. ☊ barrier ☊
The report is based on figures from six different European cities. ☊ based ☊
This article will form the basis for our discussion. ☊ basis ☊
He wants to be (= become) a pilot when he grows up. ☊ be ☊
The piece has four beats to the bar. ☊ beat ☊
+ noun: She became queen in 1952. ☊ become ☊
The bill will become law next year. ☊ become ☊
She's studying to become a teacher. ☊ become ☊
His job has become his whole life. ☊ become ☊
She became a lawyer as her father had before her. ☊ before ☊
I began (= started reading) this novel last month and I still haven't finished it. ☊ begin ☊
What began as a minor scuffle turned into a full-scale riot. ☊ begin ☊
behind (with sth): She's fallen behind with the payments. ☊ behind ☊
I never thought I could make it as an actor, but my parents always believed in me. ☊ believe in sb ☊
Sound travels better in water than in air. ☊ better ☊
Our success was far beyond what we thought possible. ☊ beyond ☊
The bills are piling up (= there are more and more that have still not been paid). ☊ bill ☊
The school play was a huge success—the audience roared with laughter at all the funny bits. ☊ bit ☊
members of the board ☊ board ☊
Hundreds of bombs were dropped on the city. ☊ bomb ☊
The city was heavily bombed in the war. ☊ bomb ☊
born into sth: She was born into a very musical family. ☊ born ☊
the city where the protest movement was born ☊ born ☊
borrow sth from sb/sth: Members can borrow up to ten books from the library at any one time. ☊ borrow ☊
brand loyalty (= the tendency of customers to continue buying the same brand) ☊ brand ☊
Champagne houses owe their success to brand image. ☊ brand ☊
break in/into sth: She dropped the plate and it broke into pieces. ☊ break ☊
Sentences can be broken up into clauses. ☊ break sth up ☊
The play was a brilliant success. ☊ brilliant ☊
The work was finished on time and within budget (= did not cost more money than was planned). ☊ budget ☊
She's built up a very successful business. ☊ build sth up ☊
Fires were burning all over the city. ☊ burn ☊
By nightfall the whole city was burning. ☊ burn ☊
He has some unfinished business to deal with. ☊ business ☊
She has set up in business as a hairdresser. ☊ business ☊
Let's get busy with the clearing up. ☊ busy ☊
May I pay by cheque? ☊ by ☊
Can you finish the work by five o'clock? ☊ by ☊
They're paid by the hour. ☊ by ☊
the shadow Cabinet (= the most important members of the opposition party) ☊ cabinet ☊
The city is calm again (= free from trouble and fighting) after yesterday's riots. ☊ calm ☊
to set up a business with a starting capital of £100 000 ☊ capital ☊
a tour of six European capital cities ☊ capital ☊
The city was captured in 1941. ☊ capture ☊
We have fitted carpets (= carpets from wall to wall) in our house. ☊ carpet ☊
Payments can be made by cheque or in cash. ☊ cash ☊
Customers are offered a 10% discount if they pay cash. ☊ cash ☊
members of the cast ☊ cast ☊
The results can be divided into three main categories. ☊ category ☊
Her triumph was a cause for celebration. ☊ celebration ☊
in the town/city centre ☊ centre ☊
The climbers face certain death if the rescue today is unsuccessful. ☊ certain ☊
Volunteers formed a human chain to rescue precious items from the burning house. ☊ chain ☊
Schools must meet the challenge of new technology (= deal with it successfully). ☊ challenge ☊
Their legal challenge was unsuccessful. ☊ challenge ☊
The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court. ☊ challenge ☊
The members left the council chamber. ☊ chamber ☊
The operation has a fifty-fifty chance of success. ☊ chance ☊
This is your big chance (= opportunity for success). ☊ chance ☊
change sth into sth: to change dollars into yen ☊ change ☊
change into sth: She changed into her swimsuit. ☊ change ☊
Caterpillars change into butterflies. ☊ change ☊
change sb/sth (from A) to/into B: With a wave of her magic wand, she changed the frog into a handsome prince. ☊ change ☊
charge (sb) to do sth: The bank doesn't charge to stop a payment. ☊ charge ☊
charge sth: Don't worry. I'll charge it (= pay by credit card). ☊ charge ☊
to pay by cheque ☊ cheque ☊
Detective Chief Inspector Williams ☊ chief ☊
a bar/piece of chocolate ☊ chocolate ☊
chop sth (up) (into sth): Chop the carrots up into small pieces. ☊ chop ☊
The country was chopped up into small administrative areas. ☊ chop ☊
to go into the Church (= to become a Christian minister) ☊ church ☊
one of the great successes of British cinema ☊ cinema ☊
the city centre ☊ city ☊
one of the world's most beautiful cities ☊ city ☊
a major city ☊ city ☊
the country's capital city ☊ city ☊
Mexico City ☊ city ☊
The city turned out to welcome the victorious team home. ☊ city ☊
Complete a claim form (= an official document which you must use in order to request money from an organization). ☊ claim ☊
She has more claim to the book's success than anybody (= she deserves to be praised for it). ☊ claim ☊
The novel may become a modern classic. ☊ classic ☊
I found the letters when I was clearing out after my father died. ☊ clear out, clear sth out ☊
I'm fed up with clearing up after you! ☊ clear up, clear sth up ☊
Membership is climbing steadily. ☊ climb ☊
The new library is close to completion. ☊ close ☊
The club has/have voted to admit new members. ☊ club ☊
Technology and good management. That's a winning combination (= one that will certainly be successful). ☊ combination ☊
Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. ☊ combine ☊
combine with sth: Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. ☊ combine ☊
combine sth: Combine all the ingredients in a bowl. ☊ combine ☊
They have successfully combined the old with the new in this room. ☊ combine ☊
She has successfully combined a career and bringing up a family. ☊ combine ☊
When it comes to getting things done, he's useless. ☊ when it comes to sth/to doing sth ☊
Let me slip into something more comfortable (= change into more comfortable clothing). ☊ comfortable ☊
the commercial heart of the city ☊ commercial ☊
The movie was not a commercial success (= did not make money). ☊ commercial ☊
In this job you work on commission (= are paid according to the amount you sell). ☊ commission ☊
1% commission is charged for cashing traveller's cheques. ☊ commission ☊
The government has set up a commission of inquiry into the disturbances at the prison. ☊ commission ☊
commitment to do/doing sth: The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. ☊ commitment ☊
a committee member/a member of the committee ☊ committee ☊
communicate with sb/sth: Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other. ☊ communicate ☊
community parks/libraries (= paid for by the local town/city) ☊ community ☊
You will receive payment for each complete day that you work. ☊ complete ☊
Work on the office building will be complete at the end of the year. ☊ complete ☊
She's just completed a master's degree in Law. ☊ complete ☊
The project should be completed within a year. ☊ complete ☊
2 000 shoppers completed our questionnaire. ☊ complete ☊
I only need one more card to complete the set. ☊ complete ☊
The pathway is formed from large pebbles set in concrete. ☊ concrete ☊
A good training programme is one of the conditions for successful industry. ☊ condition ☊
conflicting emotions/interests/loyalties ☊ conflict ☊
The company is being actively considered as a potential partner (= it is thought possible that it could become one). ☊ consider ☊
Taking everything into consideration, the event was a great success. ☊ take sth into consideration ☊
The committee consists of ten members. ☊ consist of sb/sth ☊
Ross was his most constant and loyal friend. ☊ constant ☊
I finally made contact with (= succeeded in speaking to or meeting) her in Paris. ☊ contact ☊
Under the terms of the contract the job should have been finished yesterday. ☊ contract ☊
contribution (to sth): He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project. ☊ contribution ☊
The city is in the control of enemy forces. ☊ control ☊
The city is under enemy control. ☊ control ☊
It is very convenient to pay by credit card. ☊ convenient ☊
convenient (to sth): The hotel is convenient to downtown. ☊ convenient ☊
Convention demands that a club member should resign in such a situation. ☊ convention ☊
It's not a hotel, in the conventional sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. ☊ conventional ☊
convert sth (into sth): The hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home. ☊ convert ☊
Hot water is converted to electricity by a turbine. ☊ convert ☊
a sofa that converts into a bed ☊ convert ☊
The standards of housing and education are often lower in the older urban cores (= the centres of towns or cities). ☊ core ☊
There was a group of youths standing on the street corner. ☊ corner ☊
a city/county/borough/district council ☊ council ☊
a council member/meeting ☊ council ☊
The government plans to create more jobs for young people. ☊ create ☊
The announcement only succeeded in creating confusion. ☊ create ☊
I can't take all the credit for the show's success—it was a team effort. ☊ credit ☊
At least give him credit for trying (= praise him because he tried, even if he did not succeed). ☊ credit ☊
The safest way to pay for mail order goods is by credit card. ☊ credit card ☊
Sign your name on the form where I've put a cross. ☊ cross ☊
Put a cross beside the name of the candidate you wish to vote for. ☊ cross ☊
The crowd cheered the winning hit. ☊ crowd ☊
crucial to/for sth: Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company. ☊ crucial ☊
The orchestra is very important for the cultural life of the city. ☊ cultural ☊
Venice is a beautiful city full of culture and history. ☊ culture ☊
They were cut off for not paying their phone bill. ☊ cut sb/sth off ☊
The band finished with a few slow dances. ☊ dance ☊
They have three grown-up daughters. ☊ daughter ☊
One day, I want to leave the city and move to the country. ☊ one day ☊
to become/go deaf ☊ deaf ☊
debate whether, what, etc...: The committee will debate whether to lower the age of club membership to 16. ☊ debate ☊
I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country. ☊ debt ☊
decaying inner city areas ☊ decay ☊
The decorative touches have made this house a warm and welcoming home. ☊ decorative ☊
They finally had to admit defeat (= stop trying to be successful). ☊ defeat ☊
The difficulty of a problem was defined in terms of how long it took to complete. ☊ define ☊
his delicate hands ☊ delicate ☊
Please pay for goods on delivery (= when you receive them). ☊ delivery ☊
The word 'politics' is derived from a Greek word meaning 'city'. ☊ derive from sth, be derived from sth ☊
Large numbers of soldiers deserted as defeat became inevitable. ☊ desert ☊
I heard sounds of a desperate struggle in the next room. ☊ desperate ☊
I'm determined to succeed. ☊ determined ☊
develop (from sth) (into sth): The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort. ☊ develop ☊
develop sth (from sth) (into sth): She developed the company from nothing. ☊ develop ☊
The sound of their laughter died away. ☊ die away ☊
I was at a disadvantage compared to the younger members of the team. ☊ disadvantage ☊
He shook his head in disapproval. ☊ disapproval ☊
She looked at my clothes with disapproval. ☊ disapproval ☊
She wants to be an actress, but her parents disapprove. ☊ disapprove ☊
disapprove sth: A solid majority disapproves the way the president is handling the controversy. ☊ disapprove ☊
She sounded disapproving as we discussed my plans. ☊ disapproving ☊
What's the distance between New York City and Boston/from New York City to Boston? ☊ distance ☊
the City of London's financial district ☊ district ☊
divide (up) (into sth): The cells began to divide rapidly. ☊ divide ☊
divide sth (up) (into sth): A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments. ☊ divide ☊
division (of sth) into sth: the division of the population into age groups ☊ division ☊
You will be paid in American dollars. ☊ dollar ☊
the growing problem of domestic violence (= violence between members of the same family) ☊ domestic ☊
Membership almost doubled in two years. ☊ double ☊
The success of the system is not in doubt. ☊ be in doubt ☊
Her lifelong dream was to be a famous writer. ☊ dream ☊
If I win, it will be a dream come true. ☊ dream ☊
She tried to turn her dream of running her own business into reality. ☊ dream ☊
a chance to fulfil a childhood dream ☊ dream ☊
teenagers experimenting with drugs ☊ drug ☊
Payment is due on 1 October. ☊ due ☊
The team's success was largely due to her efforts. ☊ due ☊
the municipal dump ☊ dump ☊
She completed her formal education in 1995. ☊ education ☊
A lot of effort has gone into making this event a success. ☊ effort ☊
We need to make a concerted effort to finish on time. ☊ effort ☊
elect sb to sth: She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate. ☊ elect ☊
She was tall and elegant. ☊ elegant ☊
an elegant dress ☊ elegant ☊
an elegant room/restaurant ☊ elegant ☊
embarrassed at sth: He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention. ☊ embarrassed ☊
emerge (into sth): We emerged into bright sunlight. ☊ emerge ☊
He tried various jobs and in the end became an accountant. ☊ in the end ☊
They used to be friends but they are now sworn enemies (= are determined not to become friends again). ☊ enemy ☊
ensure sth: The book ensured his success. ☊ ensure ☊
to enter Parliament (= become an MP) ☊ enter ☊
to enter the Church (= become a priest) ☊ enter ☊
A note of defiance entered her voice. ☊ enter ☊
radio, television and other forms of entertainment ☊ entertainment ☊
She made her entry to the sound of thunderous applause. ☊ entry ☊
equal rights/pay ☊ equal ☊
This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled. ☊ equal ☊
We try to treat every member of staff equally. ☊ equally ☊
Teenagers are very fashion conscious, especially girls. ☊ especially ☊
an essential part/ingredient/component of sth ☊ essential ☊
The committee was established in 1912. ☊ establish ☊
The school has established a successful relationship with the local community. ☊ establish ☊
By then she was established as a star. ☊ establish ☊
He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established. ☊ establish ☊
it is established that...: It has since been established that the horse was drugged. ☊ establish ☊
We talked about the contract, pay, etc. ☊ etc. ☊
We wish you every success. ☊ every ☊
successful candidates in GCSE examinations ☊ examination ☊
It is a classic example of how not to design a new city centre. ☊ example ☊
Most of the buildings in the town are modern, but the church is an exception. ☊ exception ☊
The new exhibit will tour a dozen US cities next year. ☊ exhibit ☊
Pakistan came into existence as an independent country in 1947. ☊ existence ☊
I didn't expect him to become a successful writer. ☊ expect ☊
expect sb to do sth: They expected all their children to be high achievers. ☊ expect ☊
expect to do sth: I expect to be paid promptly for the work. ☊ expect ☊
No expense was spared (= they spent as much money as was needed) to make the party a success. ☊ expense ☊
The payments he gets barely cover his expenses. ☊ expense ☊
Bombs were exploding all around the city. ☊ explode ☊
explore sth (for sth): The city is best explored on foot. ☊ explore ☊
express yourself: Teenagers often have difficulty expressing themselves. ☊ express ☊
His expression changed from surprise to one of amusement. ☊ expression ☊
She was given an extension to finish writing her thesis. ☊ extension ☊
an extraordinary achievement ☊ extraordinary ☊
Many diets fail because they are boring. ☊ fail ☊
a failing school ☊ fail ☊
fail to do sth: She failed to get into art college. ☊ fail ☊
The song can't fail to be a hit (= definitely will be a hit). ☊ fail ☊
The success or failure of the plan depends on you. ☊ failure ☊
A team learns from experience, both successes and failures. ☊ failure ☊
She was rewarded for her 40 years' faithful service with the company. ☊ faithful ☊
I have been a faithful reader of your newspaper for many years. ☊ faithful ☊
faithful to sb/sth: He remained faithful to the ideals of the party. ☊ faithful ☊
to follow instructions faithfully ☊ faithfully ☊
The events were faithfully recorded in her diary. ☊ faithfully ☊
He had supported the local team faithfully for 30 years. ☊ faithfully ☊
She promised faithfully not to tell anyone my secret. ☊ faithfully ☊
to look/sound/taste familiar ☊ familiar ☊
By now you will be familiar with the one-way system in the centre of town. ☊ familiar ☊
the other members of my family ☊ family ☊
It had been a success far beyond their expectations. ☊ far ☊
Long skirts have come into fashion again. ☊ fashion ☊
Britain is fast becoming a nation of fatties. ☊ fast ☊
The programme has become a firm favourite with young people. ☊ favourite ☊
An interesting feature of the city is the old market. ☊ feature ☊
membership fees ☊ fee ☊
feel like sth: I felt like a complete idiot. ☊ feel ☊
Fighting broke out in three districts of the city last night. ☊ fighting ☊
We were all filled with admiration for his achievements. ☊ fill ☊
a silent film (= one recorded without sound) ☊ film ☊
The firm's finances are basically sound. ☊ finance ☊
It was his finest hour (= most successful period) as manager of the England team. ☊ fine ☊
finish (sth): Haven't you finished your homework yet? ☊ finish ☊
I'll just finish the chapter then I'll come. ☊ finish ☊
He put the finishing touches to his painting (= did the things that made it complete). ☊ finish ☊
finish doing sth: Be quiet! He hasn't finished speaking. ☊ finish ☊
finish sth: A cup of coffee finished the meal perfectly. ☊ finish ☊
+ adv./prep.: He finished 12 seconds outside the world record. ☊ finish ☊
I need about an hour to finish off this report. ☊ finish sth off ☊
They finished off the show with one of their most famous songs. ☊ finish sth off ☊
a gloss/matt finish ☊ finish ☊
I won't be finished for another hour. ☊ finished ☊
finished with sb/sth: I'm not finished with you yet. ☊ finished ☊
If the newspapers find out, he's finished in politics. ☊ finished ☊
the finished product/article ☊ finished ☊
Several youths had set fire to the police car (= had made it start burning). ☊ fire ☊
fire (sth) (into sth): He fired the gun into the air. ☊ fire ☊
'Do you want a drink?' 'I'll finish my work first.' ☊ first ☊
If at first you don't succeed, try, try again. ☊ at first ☊
fit + adv./prep.: The glass fits on top of the jug to form a lid. ☊ fit ☊
My parents had fixed ideas about what I should become. ☊ fixed ☊
Many large old houses have been converted into flats. ☊ flat ☊
a steady flow of traffic through the city ☊ flow ☊
to fly at the speed of sound ☊ fly ☊
The band has a huge following in Italy. ☊ following ☊
a member of the security forces ☊ force ☊
a member of the sales force ☊ force ☊
Television has become a major force in American political life. ☊ force ☊
Let's forget our differences and be friends. ☊ forget ☊
to complete a form ☊ form ☊
They hope to form the new government. ☊ form ☊
He formed a band with some friends from school. ☊ form ☊
a newly-formed political party ☊ form ☊
The band formed in 2007. ☊ form ☊
The trees form a natural protection from the sun's rays. ☊ form ☊
form sth: Bend the wire so that it forms a 'V'. ☊ form ☊
Rearrange the letters to form a new word. ☊ form ☊
Do you know how to form the past tense? ☊ form ☊
form sth from/of sth: The chain is formed from 136 links. ☊ form ☊
The table was formed of two large slabs of stone. ☊ form ☊
form sb/sth (up) (into sth): to form a line/queue/circle ☊ form ☊
First get students to form groups of four. ☊ form ☊
form (up) (into sth): Queues were already forming outside the theatre. ☊ form ☊
The teams formed up into lines. ☊ form ☊
Flowers appeared, but fruits failed to form. ☊ form ☊
Storm clouds are forming on the horizon. ☊ form ☊
form sth: These hills were formed by glaciation. ☊ form ☊
A plan formed in my head. ☊ form ☊
form sth: I formed many close friendships at college. ☊ form ☊
I didn't see enough of the play to form an opinion about it. ☊ form ☊
Her family founded the college in 1895. ☊ found ☊
The town was founded by English settlers in 1790. ☊ found ☊
The organization has grown enormously since its foundation in 1955. ☊ foundation ☊
You can't expect people to work for free (= without payment). ☊ free ☊
EU citizens can now travel freely between member states. ☊ freely ☊
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport. ☊ frequently ☊
This is the opportunity he needs to make a fresh start (= to try sth new after not being successful at sth else). ☊ fresh ☊
friendships formed while she was at college ☊ friendship ☊
to fulfil/perform a function ☊ function ☊
Hard work is fundamental to success. ☊ fundamental ☊
elegant ladies in furs ☊ fur ☊
What will the cities of the future look like? ☊ future ☊
These policies have resulted in great gains in public health. ☊ gain ☊
They invested money in the company right at the start and the gamble paid off (= brought them success). ☊ gamble ☊
the gates of the city ☊ gate ☊
The general opinion is that the conference was a success. ☊ general ☊
a very genuine person ☊ genuine ☊
the geography of New York City ☊ geography ☊
I'll never get all this work finished. ☊ get ☊
His drinking is getting to be a problem. ☊ get ☊
She's getting to be an old lady now. ☊ get ☊
We can get on perfectly well without her. ☊ get on ☊
She first got into Parliament (= became an MP) in 2005. ☊ get in, get into sth ☊
How's it going (= is your life enjoyable, successful, etc. at the moment)? ☊ go ☊
The car went skidding off the road into a ditch. ☊ go ☊
to be a good actor/cook ☊ good ☊
to lead/form a government ☊ government ☊
New Yorkers built their city on a grand scale. ☊ grand ☊
I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible. ☊ grateful ☊
This represents a great achievement. ☊ great ☊
The concert had been a great success. ☊ great ☊
The residents formed a community action group. ☊ group ☊
English is a member of the Germanic group of languages ☊ group ☊
She asked her students to get into groups of four. ☊ group ☊
You've grown since the last time I saw you! ☊ grow ☊
grow to do sth: He grew up to become a famous pianist. ☊ grow up ☊
guarantee (of sth): Career success is no guarantee of happiness. ☊ guarantee ☊
It's all right to borrow money occasionally, but don't let it become a habit. ☊ habit ☊
He's losing his hair (= becoming bald ). ☊ hair ☊
Nobody's going to hand you success on a plate. ☊ hand sth to sb on a plate ☊
In 2008 the party had 10 000 members. ☊ have ☊
I've finished my work. ☊ have ☊
We looked out over the city from the heights of Edinburgh Castle. ☊ height ☊
We had high hopes for the business (= we believed it would be successful). ☊ high ☊
She's aiming high (= hoping to be very successful) in her exams. ☊ high ☊
highly successful/skilled/intelligent ☊ highly ☊
We finished the first round with a score of two hits and six misses. ☊ hit ☊
The package includes 20 days' paid holiday a year. ☊ holiday ☊
the Holy Bible/Scriptures ☊ holy ☊
a holy war (= one fought to defend the beliefs of a particular religion) ☊ holy ☊
the holy city of Mecca ☊ holy ☊
a holy life/man ☊ holy ☊
honest (with sb): Thank you for being so honest with me. ☊ honest ☊
Give me your honest opinion. ☊ honest ☊
I can't believe he got that money honestly. ☊ honestly ☊
Proving his innocence has become a matter of honour. ☊ honour ☊
to sound/toot your horn ☊ horn ☊
We're paid by the hour. ☊ hour ☊
The party was a huge success. ☊ huge ☊
In the Bible it states that humans were created in the image of God. ☊ image ☊
With a little imagination, you could turn this place into a palace. ☊ imagination ☊
The car is fitted with side impact bars (= to protect it from a blow from the side). ☊ impact ☊
The implication in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior to every other occupation. ☊ implication ☊
import sth (from...) (into...): goods imported from Japan into the US ☊ import ☊
an important member of the team ☊ important ☊
His sincerity impressed her. ☊ impress ☊
impress sb with sth/sb: He impressed her with his sincerity. ☊ impress ☊
It is indeed a remarkable achievement. ☊ indeed ☊
Mozambique became independent in 1975. ☊ independent ☊
We interviewed each individual member of the community. ☊ individual ☊
the Madonna industry (= the large number of people involved in making Madonna successful) ☊ industry ☊
Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries. ☊ ingredient ☊
Mix all the ingredients in a bowl. ☊ ingredient ☊
Our skin cream contains only natural ingredients. ☊ ingredient ☊
The only active ingredient in this medicine is aspirin. ☊ ingredient ☊
the essential ingredients for success ☊ ingredient ☊
It has all the ingredients of a good mystery story. ☊ ingredient ☊
an initial payment of £60 and ten instalments of £25 ☊ initial ☊
insurance premiums (= the regular payments made for insurance) ☊ insurance ☊
We finished later than we had intended. ☊ intend ☊
I did it with the best (of) intentions (= meaning to help), but I only succeeded in annoying them. ☊ intention ☊
interest charges/payments ☊ interest ☊
There are many places of interest near the city. ☊ interest ☊
Buses to the city leave at regular intervals. ☊ at (...) intervals ☊
The fruit can be made into jam. ☊ into ☊
investigation into sth: The police have completed their investigations into the accident. ☊ investigation ☊
an investigation into the spending habits of teenagers ☊ investigation ☊
invite sb (to/for sth): Successful candidates will be invited for interview next week. ☊ invite ☊
There was a serious incident involving a group of youths. ☊ involve ☊
to be/become/get involved in politics ☊ involved ☊
iron gates/bars/railings ☊ iron ☊
issue sb with sth: New members will be issued with a temporary identity card. ☊ issue ☊
She's jealous of my success. ☊ jealous ☊
join sth: Over 200 members of staff joined the strike. ☊ join ☊
Members of the public joined the search for the missing boy. ☊ join ☊
judge sb/sth + noun: The tour was judged a great success. ☊ judge ☊
judge sb/sth to be/do sth: The concert was judged to have been a great success. ☊ judge ☊
good/poor/sound judgement ☊ judgement ☊
I'm just finishing my book. ☊ just ☊
justify sth: Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her. ☊ justify ☊
We're having difficulty keeping up our mortgage payments. ☊ keep sth up ☊
If you do not keep up with the payments you could lose your home. ☊ keep up with sth ☊
key (to sth): The key to success is preparation. ☊ key ☊
Good communication is key to our success. ☊ key ☊
Don't kill yourself trying to get the work done by tomorrow. It can wait. ☊ kill ☊
know sb/sth as sth: It's known as the most dangerous part of the city. ☊ know ☊
I don't know that I can finish it by next week. ☊ know ☊
She showed a distinct lack of enthusiasm for the idea of becoming a mother. ☊ lack ☊
Interest will be charged for late payment. ☊ late ☊
He became an author late in life. ☊ late ☊
She later became a doctor. ☊ later ☊
the successful launch of the Ariane rocket ☊ launch ☊
The reforms have recently become law. ☊ law ☊
They left me with all the clearing up. ☊ leave ☊
His simple, elegant paintings reflect his principle that less is more. ☊ less is more ☊
The course book is divided into 30 lessons. ☊ lesson ☊
a high level of achievement ☊ level ☊
country/city life ☊ life ☊
She is a life member of the club. ☊ life ☊
in early/adult life ☊ life ☊
The light was beginning to fail (= it was beginning to get dark). ☊ light ☊
As a boxer, he was always light on his feet (= quick and elegant in the way he moved). ☊ light ☊
Violent crime is not limited to big cities. ☊ limit sth to sb/sth ☊
A line formed at each teller window. ☊ line ☊
a beautiful sports car with sleek lines ☊ line ☊
He'd become quite the little gentleman. ☊ little ☊
a lively bar ☊ lively ☊
load (up): load (up with sth): We finished loading and set off. ☊ load ☊
local radio (= a radio station that broadcasts to one area only) ☊ local ☊
a strategy based on sound commercial logic ☊ logic ☊
She's trying to recapture her lost youth. ☊ lost ☊
He had become a well-loved member of staff. ☊ love ☊
a loyal friend/supporter ☊ loyal ☊
She has always remained loyal to her political principles. ☊ loyal ☊
Trust is the magic ingredient in our relationship. ☊ magic ☊
Anorexia is an illness that occurs mainly in adolescents. ☊ mainly ☊
The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio. ☊ majority ☊
The government does not have an overall majority (= more members than all the other parties added together). ☊ majority ☊
make sth into sth: The grapes are made into wine. ☊ make ☊
Some teenagers were hanging out at the mall. ☊ mall ☊
a good-looking young man ☊ man ☊
The company has established its first manufacturing base in Europe. ☊ manufacturing ☊
The exhibition has helped put the city on the map. ☊ put sb/sth on the map ☊
'What did you say?' 'Oh, it doesn't matter' (= it is not important enough to repeat).' ☊ matter ☊
mean sb for sth/sb: I was never meant for the army (= did not have the qualities needed to become a soldier). ☊ mean ☊
mean to do sth: She means to succeed. ☊ mean ☊
It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage. ☊ measure ☊
He became a media star for his part in the protests. ☊ media ☊
the medium of radio/television ☊ medium ☊
a member of staff/society/the family ☊ member ☊
characteristics common to all members of the species ☊ member ☊
party/union members ☊ member ☊
a meeting of member countries/states ☊ member ☊
How much does it cost to become a member? ☊ member ☊
member of sth: an active member of the local church ☊ member ☊
a founder member of the conservation group ☊ member ☊
Little is known about the third member of the band. ☊ member ☊
The membership has/have not yet voted. ☊ membership ☊
The club has a membership of more than 500. ☊ membership ☊
He founded the charity in memory of his late wife. ☊ in memory of sb, to the memory of sb ☊
a metal pipe/bar/box ☊ metal ☊
I should have finished by the middle of the week. ☊ middle ☊
youths imprisoned for minor offences ☊ minor ☊
mix A and B (together): Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl. ☊ mix ☊
The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. ☊ mixture ☊
Where can I change my money into dollars? ☊ money ☊
I've more or less finished the book. ☊ more or less ☊
Their move from Italy to the US has not been a success. ☊ move ☊
No dessert for me, thanks. It was as much as I could do to finish the main course. ☊ as much as sb can do ☊
The poem has been set to music. ☊ music ☊
She has the qualities necessary to be a successful teacher. ☊ necessary ☊
All you need to do is complete this form. ☊ need ☊
Manhattan is divided into distinct neighborhoods. ☊ neighbourhood ☊
There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is important that we try. ☊ nevertheless ☊
Next, I heard the sound of voices. ☊ next ☊
She rose from being a nobody to become a superstar. ☊ nobody ☊
It's not easy being a parent (= it's difficult). ☊ not ☊
The bar is closed until further notice (= until you are told that it is open again). ☊ notice ☊
Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer. ☊ object ☊
Turn every meal into a special occasion. ☊ occasion ☊
Their wedding turned out to be quite an occasion. ☊ occasion ☊
Only occasionally was there any doubt that they would succeed. ☊ occasionally ☊
a member of the team ☊ of ☊
the city of Dublin ☊ of ☊
The new law makes it a criminal offense to drink alcohol in public places. ☊ offense ☊
The party has been out of office (= has not formed a government) for many years. ☊ office ☊
His success depended, as so often happens, on things entirely outside his control. ☊ often ☊
She wants to be an old-fashioned mother, staying at home and looking after the children. ☊ old-fashioned ☊
The students who are most successful are usually the ones who come to all the classes. ☊ one ☊
The bar is for members only. ☊ only ☊
a city with a lot of parks and open spaces ☊ open ☊
There is a difference of opinion (= people disagree) as to the merits of the plan. ☊ opinion ☊
option (to do sth): A savings plan that gives you the option to vary your monthly payments. ☊ option ☊
Last orders at the bar now please! (= because the bar is going to close) ☊ order ☊
the outer suburbs of the city ☊ outer ☊
an outstanding player/achievement/success ☊ outstanding ☊
When she finished painting, she stepped back to admire the overall effect. ☊ overall ☊
To be a really good runner he needs to lengthen his pace a little. ☊ pace ☊
Check the list of ingredients on the side of the package. ☊ package ☊
Sue and Ben have recently become parents. ☊ parent ☊
It can be difficult to be a good parent. ☊ parent ☊
The procedure can be divided into two parts. ☊ part ☊
Her success was due in part to luck. ☊ in part ☊
Traffic is bad, particularly in the city centre. ☊ particularly ☊
a junior member of the partnership ☊ partnership ☊
Pass the book on to me when you've finished with it. ☊ pass sth on (to sb) ☊
The only passport to success is hard work. ☊ passport ☊
the path to success ☊ path ☊
You'd try the patience of a saint! ☊ patience ☊
pay sth: to pay a bill/debt/fine/ransom, etc. ☊ pay ☊
pay sth to sb: Membership fees should be paid to the secretary. ☊ pay ☊
payment in instalments/in advance/by cheque/in cash ☊ payment ☊
There will be a penalty for late payment of bills. ☊ payment ☊
What method of payment do you prefer? ☊ payment ☊
a cash payment ☊ payment ☊
They are finding it difficult to meet the payments on their car. ☊ payment ☊
He agreed to make ten monthly payments of £50. ☊ payment ☊
We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness. ☊ payment ☊
Is this all the payment I get for my efforts? ☊ payment ☊
He had a peaceful life. ☊ peaceful ☊
Membership of the club has fallen from a peak of 600 people in 2006. ☊ peak ☊
Many young people are out of work. ☊ people ☊
She gave the greatest performance of her career. ☊ performance ☊
Most teenagers go through a period of rebelling. ☊ period ☊
permit sth: Radios are not permitted in the library. ☊ permit ☊
I'm not really a city person (= I don't really like cities). ☊ person ☊
He was personally criticized by inspectors for his incompetence. ☊ personally ☊
persuade sb into sth/into doing sth: I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition. ☊ persuade ☊
persuade sb of sth: I am still not fully persuaded of the plan's merits. ☊ persuade ☊
I spent the day taking photographs of the city. ☊ photograph ☊
It's physically impossible to finish by the end of the week. ☊ physically ☊
The survivors were rescued after their sounds were picked up by a television crew's microphone. ☊ pick sb/sth up ☊
He cut the pizza into bite-sized pieces. ☊ piece ☊
Put it back in its place when you've finished with it. ☊ place ☊
I felt completely out of place among all these successful people. ☊ out of place ☊
a plain but elegant dress ☊ plain ☊
a street plan of the city ☊ plan ☊
My favourite song was playing on the radio. ☊ play ☊
a radio play ☊ play ☊
the happy sounds of children at play ☊ play ☊
Membership is 350 dollars per year plus tax. ☊ plus ☊
Australia finished 20 points ahead. ☊ point ☊
Exhaust fumes are poisoning our cities. ☊ poison ☊
He's thinking of going into politics (= trying to become a Member of Parliament, Congress, etc.) ☊ politics ☊
the sound of corks popping ☊ pop ☊
The band's success is largely due to the popular appeal of the lead singer. ☊ popular ☊
He credited her with a maturity she did not possess. ☊ possess ☊
It's just not physically possible to finish all this by the end of the week. ☊ possible ☊
With the possible exception of the Beatles, no other band has become so successful so quickly. ☊ possible ☊
Payment should be sent by return of post (= immediately). ☊ post ☊
He has the potential to become a world-class musician. ☊ potential ☊
lumps of chalk crushed to (a) fine white powder ☊ powder ☊
a practical little car, ideal for the city ☊ practical ☊
hymns/songs of praise ☊ praise ☊
a list of all club members, past and present ☊ present ☊
present sth to sb: The sword was presented by the family to the museum. ☊ present ☊
Members will be admitted on presentation of a membership card. ☊ presentation ☊
The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. ☊ preserve ☊
How can anyone enjoy the pressures of city life? ☊ pressure ☊
pressure (on sb) (to do sth): There is a great deal of pressure on young people to conform. ☊ pressure ☊
Teenagers may find it difficult to resist peer pressure. ☊ pressure ☊
Success in sport is a source of national pride. ☊ pride ☊
Club members will be given priority. ☊ priority ☊
She is afraid to go out and has become a virtual prisoner in her own home. ☊ prisoner ☊
The final section of road is programmed for completion next month. ☊ programme ☊
The line of traffic progressed slowly through the town. ☊ progress ☊
He failed to fulfil his early promise. ☊ promise ☊
Prompt payment of the invoice would be appreciated. ☊ prompt ☊
The basic ingredients are limestone and clay in the proportion 2:1. ☊ proportion ☊
prospect (that...): There's a reasonable prospect that his debts will be paid. ☊ prospect ☊
prospect (of sth/of doing sth): The prospect of becoming a father filled him with alarm. ☊ prospect ☊
Our aim is to protect the jobs of our members. ☊ protect ☊
proud of sb/sth/yourself: Your achievements are something to be proud of. ☊ proud ☊
There have been many complaints from members of the public. ☊ public ☊
The magnetic pull of the city was hard to resist. ☊ pull ☊
He was punching the air in triumph. ☊ punch ☊
qualify sb (for sth): Paying a fee doesn't automatically qualify you for membership. ☊ qualify ☊
Have you finished already? That was quick! ☊ quick ☊
He is quietly confident that they can succeed (= he is confident, but he is not talking about it too much). ☊ quietly ☊
The interview was broadcast on radio and television. ☊ radio ☊
The play was written specially for radio. ☊ radio ☊
local/national radio ☊ radio ☊
a radio programme/station ☊ radio ☊
a car radio ☊ radio ☊
I was born and raised a city boy. ☊ raise ☊
He rose through the ranks to become managing director. ☊ rank ☊
(+ adv./prep.): The restaurant ranks among the finest in town. ☊ rank ☊
rare (to do sth): It is rare to find such loyalty these days. ☊ rare ☊
a high success/failure rate ☊ rate ☊
rate sb/sth (as) sth: rate sb/sth + noun: The show was rated (as) a success by critics and audiences. ☊ rate ☊
We have a real chance of success. ☊ real ☊
Will time travel ever become a reality? ☊ reality ☊
She never realized her ambition of becoming a professional singer. ☊ realize ☊
We try to help all students realize their full potential (= be as successful as they are able to be). ☊ realize ☊
to receive information/payment/thanks ☊ receive ☊
He received the award in recognition of his success over the past year. ☊ recognition ☊
He has an impressive record of achievement. ☊ record ☊
The lights (= traffic lights) changed to red before I could get across. ☊ red ☊
This material absorbs the sound, and doesn't reflect it. ☊ reflect ☊
Social services should pay proper regard to the needs of inner-city areas. ☊ regard ☊
regret to do sth: We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful. ☊ regret ☊
it is regretted that...: It is to be regretted that so many young people leave school without qualifications. ☊ regret ☊
Their affair did not develop into a lasting relationship. ☊ relationship ☊
the relative merits of the two plans ☊ relative ☊
Given the failure of the previous plan, this turned out to be a relative success. ☊ relative ☊
The council has relaxed the ban on dogs in city parks. ☊ relax ☊
relief from sth: The calm of the countryside came as a welcome relief from the hustle and bustle of city life. ☊ relief ☊
a remarkable achievement/career/talent ☊ remarkable ☊
repeat that...: He's fond of repeating that the company's success is all down to him. ☊ repeat ☊
a reply-paid envelope (= on which you do not have to put a stamp because it has already been paid for) ☊ reply ☊
The association was formed to represent the interests of women artists. ☊ represent ☊
This material can be reproduced without payment. ☊ reproduce ☊
The atmosphere of the novel is successfully reproduced in the movie. ☊ reproduce ☊
a radio request programme (= a programme of music, songs, etc. that people have asked for) ☊ request ☊
require sb/sth to do sth: True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty. ☊ require ☊
to be resident abroad/in the US ☊ resident ☊
resist (sth): I finished the cake. I couldn't resist it. ☊ resist ☊
respect sb/sth for sth: She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. ☊ respect ☊
Clare has a mature and responsible attitude to work. ☊ responsible ☊
Access to the club is restricted to members only. ☊ restrict ☊
Completed questionnaires should be returned to this address. ☊ return ☊
to review your failures and triumphs ☊ review ☊
His success was down to being in the right place at the right time (= being able to take opportunities when they came). ☊ right ☊
She rose through the ranks to become managing director. ☊ rise ☊
He was shot by a member of a rival gang. ☊ rival ☊
a cave with striking rock formations (= shapes made naturally from rock) ☊ rock ☊
The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point rocks and broke into three pieces. ☊ rock ☊
I rolled the string into a ball. ☊ roll ☊
The hedgehog rolled up into a ball. ☊ roll ☊
roll sth (+ adv./prep.): She rolled her eyes upwards (= to show surprise or disapproval). ☊ roll ☊
When I was younger, I had romantic ideas of becoming a writer. ☊ romantic ☊
the roughest neighbourhood in the city ☊ rough ☊
the route to success ☊ route ☊
This type of work rapidly becomes routine. ☊ routine ☊
The terrorist attack had left the city in a state of ruin ☊ ruin ☊
Without unwritten rules civilized life would be impossible. ☊ rule ☊
She laid down strict rules for her tenants including prompt payment of rent. ☊ rule ☊
the sound of rushing water ☊ rush ☊
We all want to live in safer cities. ☊ safe ☊
They turned up safe and sound. ☊ safe ☊
He had the satisfaction of seeing his book become a best-seller. ☊ satisfaction ☊
The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule. ☊ schedule ☊
Under the new scheme only successful schools will be given extra funding. ☊ scheme ☊
The road will remain sealed off until the police have completed their investigations. ☊ seal sth off ☊
search sb for sth: The youths were arrested and searched for anything that would incriminate them. ☊ search ☊
The committee has been searching for new ways to tackle youth unemployment. ☊ search ☊
a seat on the city council/in Parliament/in Congress ☊ seat ☊
Osaka is Japan's second-largest city. ☊ second ☊
Birmingham, the UK's second city ☊ second ☊
They had finished in/within seconds. ☊ second ☊
Careful planning is the secret of success. ☊ secret ☊
She finished the match, secure in the knowledge that she was through to the next round. ☊ secure ☊
You see, the thing is, we won't be finished before Friday. ☊ you see ☊
We are currently seeking new ways of expanding our membership. ☊ seek ☊
a member of the Senate ☊ senate ☊
send sth to sb: What sort of message is that sending to young people? ☊ send ☊
The mixture of sights, smells and sounds around her made her senses reel. ☊ sense ☊
The prisoner has served (= completed) his sentence and will be released tomorrow. ☊ sentence ☊
separate sth into sth: Make a list of points and separate them into 'desirable' and 'essential'. ☊ separate ☊
separate into sth: We separated into several different search parties. ☊ separate ☊
separate sb/sth: A thousand kilometres separates the two cities. ☊ separate ☊
serve sb (as sth): He served the family faithfully for many years (= as a servant). ☊ serve ☊
The course is made up of 12 two-hour sessions. ☊ session ☊
set sb/yourself to do sth: I've set myself to finish the job by the end of the month. ☊ set ☊
The new leader has set the party on the road to success. ☊ set ☊
The police set up roadblocks on routes out of the city. ☊ set sth up ☊
She set up her stereo in her bedroom. ☊ set sth up ☊
A fund will be set up for the dead men's families. ☊ set sth up ☊
a member of the opposite sex ☊ sex ☊
Girls become sexually mature earlier than boys. ☊ sexually ☊
There is no shame in wanting to be successful. ☊ shame ☊
shape A into B: Shape the dough into a ball. ☊ shape ☊
sheet metal (= metal that has been made into thin sheets) ☊ sheet ☊
I should have finished the book by Friday. ☊ should ☊
We left the hotel only to discover that the whole city shuts at 10.30. ☊ shut ☊
The farm buildings form three sides of a square. ☊ side ☊
The museum attempts to recreate the sights and sounds of wartime Britain. ☊ sight ☊
He became a familiar sight on the streets of Oxford. ☊ sight ☊
to make the sign of the cross (= an act of moving one hand in the shape of a cross, done by Christians to show respect for God or by a priest to bless sb/sth) ☊ sign ☊
Follow the signs for the city centre. ☊ sign ☊
They finished their meal in total silence. ☊ silence ☊
Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers. ☊ similarly ☊
simple but elegant clothes ☊ simple ☊
a sincere attempt to resolve the problem ☊ sincere ☊
sincere regret ☊ sincere ☊
Please accept our sincere thanks. ☊ sincere ☊
a sincere apology ☊ sincere ☊
He seemed sincere enough when he said he wanted to help. ☊ sincere ☊
sincere in sth: She is never completely sincere in what she says about people. ☊ sincere ☊
The sound of singing came from the kitchen. ☊ singing ☊
The glass can be cut to size (= cut to the exact measurements) for you. ☊ size ☊
Cut the meat into thin slices. ☊ slice ☊
It was no small achievement getting her to agree to the deal. ☊ small ☊
The car smashed into a tree. ☊ smash ☊
The glass bowl smashed into a thousand pieces. ☊ smash ☊
Mix the flour with the milk to form a smooth paste. ☊ smooth ☊
a bar/piece of soap ☊ soap ☊
a member of the drama society ☊ society ☊
Some disapprove of the idea. ☊ some ☊
They have three grown-up sons. ☊ son ☊
What sort of price did you want to pay? (= approximately how much) ☊ sort ☊
sort sth into sth: The computer sorts the words into alphabetical order. ☊ sort ☊
Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass and paper. ☊ sort ☊
Could you turn the sound up/down? ☊ sound ☊
The sound quality of the tapes was excellent. ☊ sound ☊
a high/low sound ☊ sound ☊
a clicking/buzzing/scratching, etc. sound ☊ sound ☊
the different sounds and smells of the forest ☊ sound ☊
Sound travels more slowly than light. ☊ sound ☊
sound like sb/sth: You sounded just like your father when you said that. ☊ sound ☊
sound as if/as though...: I hope I don't sound as if/as though I'm criticizing you. ☊ sound ☊
He lives to the south of (= further south than) the city. ☊ south ☊
It's a city with fine buildings and plenty of open space. ☊ space ☊
speech sounds ☊ speech ☊
travelling at the speed of light/sound ☊ speed ☊
English became the official language for business in spite of the fact that the population was largely Chinese. ☊ in spite of sth ☊
split sth (into sth): She split the class into groups of four. ☊ split ☊
split (into sth): The results split neatly into two groups. ☊ split ☊
Slate splits easily into thin sheets. ☊ split ☊
We were split up into groups to discuss the question. ☊ split sb up, split up ☊
The day was split up into 6 one-hour sessions. ☊ split sth up ☊
We have 10 000 members spread all over the country. ☊ spread ☊
the spread of a city into the surrounding areas ☊ spread ☊
His parents didn't want him to go on the stage (= to be an actor). ☊ stage ☊
She stood unsuccessfully as a candidate in the local elections. ☊ stand ☊
The evening started badly when the speaker failed to turn up. ☊ start ☊
European Union member states ☊ state ☊
a local radio/TV station ☊ station ☊
Stay tuned (= used to ask people to continue listening to or watching a particular programme on the radio or television). ☊ stay ☊
The bridge is reinforced with huge steel girders. ☊ steel ☊
Having completed the first stage, you can move on to step 2. ☊ step ☊
Don't stick your fingers through the bars of the cage. ☊ stick ☊
a stick of dynamite ☊ stick ☊
a stick of butter ☊ stick ☊
Although he promised faithfully to come, I still didn't think he would. ☊ still ☊
stir sth into sth: The vegetables are stirred into the rice while it is hot. ☊ stir ☊
Pictures of the burnt corpses turned my stomach. ☊ turn your stomach ☊
a strange city ☊ strange ☊
the town's narrow cobbled streets ☊ street ☊
It was time to take the political struggle onto the streets (= by protesting in large groups in the streets of a city). ☊ street ☊
stress sb (out): Driving in cities really stresses me (out). ☊ stress ☊
The molecules join together to form long strings. ☊ string ☊
Cut the meat into strips. ☊ strip ☊
She struggled for 10 years to achieve success as an actress. ☊ struggle ☊
study to do/be sth: Nina is studying to be an architect. ☊ study ☊
style-conscious teenagers ☊ style ☊
Our plan succeeded. ☊ succeed ☊
succeed in doing sth: He succeeded in getting a place at art school. ☊ succeed ☊
I tried to discuss it with her but only succeeded in making her angry (= I failed and did the opposite of what I intended). ☊ succeed ☊
You will have to work hard if you are to succeed. ☊ succeed ☊
succeed in sth: She doesn't have the ruthlessness required to succeed in business. ☊ succeed ☊
succeed as sth: He had hoped to succeed as a violinist. ☊ succeed ☊
What's the secret of your success? ☊ success ☊
success (in doing sth): I didn't have much success in finding a job. ☊ success ☊
success (in sth): They didn't have much success in life. ☊ success ☊
Confidence is the key to success. ☊ success ☊
economic success ☊ success ☊
Their plan will probably meet with little success. ☊ success ☊
She was surprised by the book's success (= that it had sold a lot of copies). ☊ success ☊
The party was a big success. ☊ success ☊
He's proud of his daughter's successes. ☊ success ☊
She wasn't a success as a teacher. ☊ success ☊
He was determined to make a success of the business. ☊ success ☊
successful (in sth/in doing sth): They were successful in winning the contract. ☊ successful ☊
successful (at sth/at doing sth): I wasn't very successful at keeping the news secret. ☊ successful ☊
We congratulated them on the successful completion of the project. ☊ successful ☊
The play was very successful on Broadway. ☊ successful ☊
a successful actor ☊ successful ☊
The company has had another successful year. ☊ successful ☊
This arrangement has operated successfully for the past six years. ☊ successfully ☊
a strong/loyal/staunch supporter ☊ supporter ☊
The engine doesn't sound like it's supposed to. ☊ be supposed to do/be sth ☊
To everyone's surprise, the plan succeeded. ☊ surprise ☊
She was the last surviving member of the family. ☊ survive ☊
swear (on sth): Witnesses were required to swear on the Bible. ☊ swear ☊
swear sth: Barons had to swear an oath of allegiance to the king. ☊ swear ☊
She completed the routine without even working up a sweat. ☊ sweat ☊
He swept the leaves up into a pile. ☊ sweep ☊
Mandela became a symbol of the anti-apartheid struggle. ☊ symbol ☊
Our heartfelt sympathy goes out to the victims of the war. ☊ sympathy ☊
a stereo system ☊ system ☊
Taken overall, the project was a success. ☊ take ☊
take sth (from sb): The rebels succeeded in taking the town. ☊ take ☊
Union representatives walked out of emergency talks aimed at reaching a pay settlement. ☊ talk ☊
the sound of a dripping tap ☊ tap ☊
The children became the target for their father's aggressive outbursts. ☊ target ☊
target of sth: He's become the target of a lot of criticism recently. ☊ target ☊
to perform/carry out/complete/undertake a task ☊ task ☊
Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income. ☊ tax ☊
He taught for several years before becoming a writer. ☊ teach ☊
a team leader/member ☊ team ☊
tell sb (that)...: The sound of his breathing told her (that) he was asleep. ☊ tell ☊
'I'm afraid I've finished all the milk.' 'Well, thanks a lot!' ☊ thanks a lot ☊
We managed to get it finished in the end—no thanks to him (= he didn't help). ☊ no thanks to sb/sth ☊
It was all a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work. ☊ thanks to sb/sth ☊
Cut the vegetables into thin strips. ☊ thin ☊
the city's thousandth anniversary ☊ thousandth ☊
You can only achieve success through hard work. ☊ through ☊
She hoped that getting this job would finally be her ticket to success. ☊ ticket ☊
It doesn't matter if you don't win every time (= every time you play). ☊ time ☊
I didn't finish the test—I ran out of time. ☊ time ☊
What time do you finish work? ☊ time ☊
a walking stick with a rubber tip ☊ tip ☊
His aim was to become president. ☊ to ☊
To be honest with you, I don't remember what he said. ☊ to ☊
Get all the ingredients together before you start cooking. ☊ together ☊
the volume and tone controls on a car stereo ☊ tone ☊
She set the tone for the meeting with a firm statement of company policy. ☊ tone ☊
The radio was tuned (in) to the BBC World Service. ☊ tune ☊
turn (into sth): He turned into a narrow street. ☊ turn ☊
turn sth into sth: I turned the car into the car park. ☊ turn ☊
Our dream holiday turned into a nightmare. ☊ turn (from sth) into sth ☊
In one year she turned from a problem child into a model student. ☊ turn (from sth) into sth ☊
Ten years of prison had turned him into an old man. ☊ turn sb/sth (from sth) into sth ☊
The prince was turned into a frog by the witch. ☊ turn sb/sth (from sth) into sth ☊
Her hair was twisted into a knot on top of her head. ☊ twist ☊
He broke the bar of chocolate in two and gave me half. ☊ in two ☊
He was typically modest about his achievements. ☊ typically ☊
I've just become an uncle (= because your brother/sister has had a baby). ☊ uncle ☊
the uncontrolled growth of cities ☊ uncontrolled ☊
Under its new conductor, the orchestra has established an international reputation. ☊ under ☊
Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment. ☊ unemployment ☊
measures to prevent unfair competition between member countries ☊ unfair ☊
It won't be finished for a few weeks. Unfortunately! ☊ unfortunately ☊
to be/look/seem/sound unhappy ☊ unhappy ☊
a union member ☊ union ☊
We need to become a more united team. ☊ united ☊
The sound was not unlike that of birds singing. ☊ unlike ☊
unlikely (to do sth): The project seemed unlikely to succeed. ☊ unlikely ☊
His efforts to get a job proved unsuccessful. ☊ unsuccessful ☊
They were unsuccessful in meeting their objectives for the year. ☊ unsuccessful ☊
She made several unsuccessful attempts to see him. ☊ unsuccessful ☊
You're not going out until you've finished this. ☊ until ☊
a member of the upper middle class ☊ upper ☊
urban areas ☊ urban ☊
urban development (= the process of building towns and cities or making them larger) ☊ urban ☊
urban renewal/regeneration (= the process of improving the buildings, etc. in the poor parts of a town or city) ☊ urban ☊
efforts to control urban sprawl (= the spread of city buildings into the countryside) ☊ urban ☊
The bar is for the use of members only. ☊ use ☊
This great value-for-money offer is only available to society members. ☊ value ☊
a valued member of staff ☊ value ☊
New techniques were introduced with varying degrees of success. ☊ vary ☊
domestic violence (= between family members) ☊ violence ☊
government inspectors visiting schools ☊ visit ☊
vital (to sth): Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise. ☊ vital ☊
vote in favour of sth: Over 60% of members voted in favour of (= for) the motion. ☊ vote ☊
wait (for sth): Leeds United had waited for success for eighteen years. ☊ wait ☊
radio/sound/ultrasonic waves ☊ wave ☊
The area's wine industry still has a way to go to full maturity. ☊ way ☊
He was showing off, as is the way with adolescent boys. ☊ way ☊
She finished the race way ahead of the other runners. ☊ way ☊
They live way out in the suburbs. ☊ way ☊
a weak light/signal/sound ☊ weak ☊
They live in town during the week and go to the country for the weekend. ☊ week ☊
Call me when you've finished. ☊ when ☊
Whether or not we're successful, we can be sure that we did our best. ☊ whether ☊
Your claim ought to succeed, in which case the damages will be substantial. ☊ which ☊
She writes about her experiences as a black girl in a predominantly white city. ☊ white ☊
The subjects of the curriculum form a coherent whole. ☊ whole ☊
The festival will be great for our city and for the country as a whole. ☊ as a whole ☊
Success in studying depends on a willingness to learn. ☊ willingness ☊
The prince's wish came true. ☊ wish ☊
I give you my word of honour (= my sincere promise) ... ☊ word ☊
the collected/complete works of Tolstoy ☊ work ☊
Which is the largest city in the world? ☊ world ☊
Her indecisiveness makes her her own worst enemy. ☊ be your own worst enemy ☊
His youth gives him an advantage over the other runners. ☊ youth ☊
The fight was started by a gang of youths. ☊ youth ☊
the youth of today ☊ youth ☊
youth unemployment ☊ youth ☊