prime age authority, great master lover swan mandarin duck cattle lucky clover, four-leaf clover muscle genitalia milk mountain valley vapor, water vapor ocean wave wave steam engine excavator forklift truck steamship, steamboat vase (steamed) bun around, from beginning to end, altogether disadvantage, inferior position 气温的~ variations of temperature || 发生很大~ the great changes have taken place || 市 场在不断~. The market is in a constant state of flux. fortune, luck material benefit good and bad good and bad, superior and inferior advantages and disadvantages breeds, varieties labor force institute Spring Festival, Chinese New Year Lantern Festival (15th day of the new year) Tomb Sweeping Festival Dragon Boat Festival seventh evening of the seventh month (lunar calendar) (when the herd boy and the weaving girl are supposed to meet) Mid-Autumn Festival Valentine’s Day Labor Day Mardi Gras, Carnival physical labor, work The Conservative Party navy invading army, aggressor troops price face value, par value waltz quarter-final horse racing measure word for horses and cloth period of time (may be months, or mere seconds) shelf life, quality guarantee period, expiration date in the future around, about before later before two years ago two years later three years later the day before yesterday holiday summer vacation winter break long holiday, long leave of absence for the rest of one’s life front, the front side from beginning to end, around below, below part below in the face of, facing in front (of) walk pass stride swallow feel discouraged disappointed be in a bad mood fight for someone’s love rethink, reconsider be convinced convince not worth not worth doing arduous or unpleasant work recuperate steam 在银行~ work in the bank || ~了五年 work for five years || 参加~ participate in jobs work work, labor retire lay off make a good showing, win credit for do good divide up the work, division of labor advance, forge ahead, ahead push forward go to work turn defeat into victory one disaster after another find it hard to advance or to retreat, be in a dliemna go bankrupt suffer losses not match one’s position, lose face take advantage of ~快/慢 improve quickly/slowly || 有很大~ make great progress || 社会~ social progress advance by leaps and bounds advance bravely work (usu. in an office), handle official business have a vacation be on duty examine judge 市场~ market assessment || 技术~ technological assessment ~别人 evaluate another person || 做出, 进行~ do an evaluation || 公正 的~ fair evaluation examine, check up on, review 技术~ technical innovation || ~观念 innovate ideas || 全面~ an overall innovation pay evade taxation, tax evasion prepay lay, pave, build return to repair transportation during the Spring Festival write, compose horse racing intrude, invade public trial reeducation through labor avoid evil spirits preach, give a sermon make an appointment have the gift of the gab, be a glib talker boast chatter idly, boast or brag vie for evaporate volatile avalanche 头部~ the head movement || 地球~ Earth movement || ~的物体 moving object get off of work move to an earlier date, do sth in advance take preventive measures escape, evade evade, dodge be fashionable, be popular be in vogue, be very popular 不断~ constantly change || 气温 ~ variations of temperature || 我老家有了很大的~. Great changes have taken place in my home village. destroy, damage ~能力 the ability in innovation || 医学~ a great innovation in medicine || 勇于~ be bold in making innovations rise in value (of prices) rise promote, enhance ~理论verify a theory || 经过 ~ 的遗嘱verified (copy of a) will 河流~ river water and soil conservation || 做~工作 do conservation work || 进行~ commence conservation efforts defend oneself, self-defense no different from equal to match, balance be equal guard, keep stride catch (a disease) advantageous, beneficial wreck, destroy open and spacious diverse, multi massive, a wide range of various kinds extensive, wide vast territory and abundant resources popular low-end, cheap 各有~ there are both advantages and disadvantages || 比较~ be compared with the advantages and disadvantages || 权衡 (quánhéng) ~ weigh the advantages and disadvantages there are both advantages and disadvantages advantages outweigh disadvantages 这几年人民得到的~最多. In recent years the people have received greater material benefits than ever before. || 价格~ inexpensive price invalid, ineffective, in vain ~意义 universal significance || ~使用widely be used || ~现象general phenomenon lively, vivid lively, vivid fresh and alive vivid, lifelike next, secondly thousands upon thousands of men and horses – a powerful army, a mighty force valuable, precious part-time it goes without saying vanity, vainglory lively, vivacious crazy, arrogant the sensuous world is illusory, all physical existence is vanity do shoddy work and use inferior material hold a bowl of water level – be impartial put others before oneself avaricious, greedy stingy, narrow-minded, petty stingy, miserly, mean stingy, miserly unwilling to give up even a hair-very stingy spend freely, squander wasteful, extravagant extravagant and wasteful live as if drunk or dreaming- lead a befuddled life progressive 不断~ continuous progress || 积极~ positive progress || ~精神 spirit of progress ~技 术 advanced technology || ~青年 ahead of their time (youth) || 表扬~ exceptional praise clumsy of speech clumsy birds have to start flying early-the slow need to start early (usu. said in selfdeprecation) bear hardships and stand hard work, work hard and endure hardships piggish, be gluttonsous and lazy words flow from the mouth as from the pen of a master.- be an excellent speaker, quick 749 and clever talking, to speak like a printed book good-for-nothing, worthless and work in peace and contentment the vast territory with a sparse population single-handed, all by oneself, alone a spectacle too horrible to endure, a tragic sight always (previously) always (previously), a period of time in the recent past as before, (same) as usual first, primary beforehand, in advance next, following from now on, since then in advance, beforehand will, shall will, shall always (previously), a period of time in the recent past needless to say cannot go so far, most unlikely at, in,on 
körperlich fit (wehrdiensttauglich) alle Liebhaber Schwäne liebevolles Paar Rinder Glücksgras Fleisch Genitalien Milch Täler Wasserdampf Meereswelle Wellen Dampfschiff Bagger Gabelstapler Dampfschiff Vasen gedämpftes Brot vorne und hinten nachteilig Variationen Glück (gut oder schlecht) vorteilhaft (Deal) gut und schlecht gut und schlecht Vor- und Nachteile Vielfalt Arbeiter Gelehrte Gesellschaft Frühlingsfest (Chinesisches Neujahr) Laternenfest Qingming oder Festival der reinen Helligkeit das Drachenboot-Festival (5. Tag des 5. Mondmonats) doppeltes Siebenerfest, Abend des siebten des siebten Mondmonats das Mittel-Herbst-Festival am 15. des 8. Mondmonats Valentinstag Internationaler Tag der Arbeit (1. Mai) Karneval (Lehnwort) arbeit konservative Partei naval Invasionsarmee Wert Nennwert Walzer (Tanz) (Lehnwort) Rückspiel Pferderennen Klassifizierer für Pferde, Maultiere und Kamele arbeit Haltbarkeit von nun an vorne und hinten vor unter vor im vorletzten Jahr im übernächsten Jahr Jahr für Jahr nach dem nächsten Jahr Vorgestern Urlaub Sommerferien Winterferien langer Urlaub während man lebt (von seinen Vorfahren) Vorderseite vorne und hinten unter unter vor vor vorbeigehen spreizen schlucken seinem Ärger Luft machen enttäuschend in schlechter Stimmung sein mit jemandem um das Rampenlicht rivalisieren Neubewertung überzeugen überzeugen nicht wert nicht wert hart arbeiten Rekonvaleszenz verdampfen arbeiten Handarbeit arbeit Ruhestand (von der Arbeit) Entlassung (ein Arbeitnehmer) hart für etw. arbeiten gute Werke tun Arbeitsteilung Vorwärtskommen vorwärts drängen zur Arbeit gehen aus der Niederlage einen Sieg machen (Idiom); das Blatt wenden die Dinge in einer schlechten Situation verschlimmern kein räumliches Vorrücken oder Zurückweichen (Idiom); ohne Ausweg aus einem Dilemma Insolvenz im Nachteil sein abgewertet unfairen Vorteil ausnutzen Förderung sprunghaftes Vorrücken mutig vorrücken Arbeit (insbesondere in einem Büro) Urlaub nehmen eine Schicht arbeiten auswerten einschätzen auswerten Auswertung Bewertung Neuerungen eine Gebühr zahlen Steuerhinterziehung im Voraus bezahlen Verlegung (Pflasterung, Verkabelung usw.) Überarbeitung Frühlingsfest (Chinesisches Neujahr) Schreiben Pferderennen Invasion öffentlicher Prozess (in einem Gericht) Umerziehung durch Arbeit böse Geister vermeiden predigen (das Evangelium) Reservierung kann wirklich gut reden (Idiom); die Gabe des Plauderns prahlen untätig schwatzen wetteifern um Evapotranspiration Verdunstung Lawine zusammenarbeiten Feierabend machen im Voraus Probleme verhindern, bevor sie entstehen (Idiom); vorbeugen ausweichen ausweichen (ein Thema) vorherrschend vorherrschend Variationen vandalisieren Neuerungen Anstieg des Wertes schätzen (im Wert) Fortschritt (eine Ursache) validieren (eine Theorie) Bodenschutz Selbsterhaltung gleichbedeutend sein mit gleichbedeutend sein mit Äquivalent zu Äquivalent konservativ spreizen bekommen (eine schlechte Angewohnheit) vorteilhaft verwüsten riesig (des Ozeans) multivariat (Mathe) zahlreich und vielfältig Vielfalt umfassend riesiges Gebiet mit reichlich Ressourcen vorherrschend von geringem Wert Vor- und Nachteile haben Vor- und Nachteile das Für und Wider überwiegt greifbarer Nutzen vergeblich vorherrschend lebhaft anschaulich frisch und lebendig lebendiger Geist, lebendiges Bild (Idiom); wahres Leben nächste Tausende von Truppen und Pferden Wertsachen Schwarzarbeit es versteht sich von selbst Eitelkeit lebhaft wild lit. die vier Elemente sind Eitelkeit bei der Arbeit knausern und auf Material verzichten lit. eine Schale mit Wasser entspricht einer Tasse andere vor sich selbst stellen habgierig geizig geizig (Dialekt) geizig geizig extravagant extravagant (Idiom); verschwenderisch Extravaganz und Verschwendung berauscht und vom Tod träumend Förderung vorwärts schreiten fortgeschritten (Technologie) Klatschmaul lit. der ungeschickte Vogel fliegt zuerst (Idiom); Abb. hart arbeiten, um seine begrenzten Fähigkeiten auszugleichen Fleißige und ausdauernde Nöte lit. isst viel, arbeitet aber nie (Idiom); Abb. ein Parasit die Gabe des Plauderns unbegabt in Frieden leben und glücklich arbeiten groß und dünn besiedelt (Idiom); dünn besiedelt lit. einzelner Speer und Pferd (Idiom); Abb. einhändig schreckliche Szenen der Verwüstung immer (früher) immer (früher) (dasselbe) wie vorher im Voraus im Voraus nächste von nun an im Voraus werden werden immer (früher) Unnötig zu sagen nicht so schlimm wie unter 
abile (adatto al servizio militare) persona multitalento cavaliere in armatura scintillante oca selvatica rondine mucca da latte lavanda vaso sanguigno vaginale vacanze in congedo valli vapore acqueo onda del mare onde Vaporetto escavatore carrello elevatore piroscafo Vasi panino al vapore anteriore e posteriore svantaggioso variazioni fortuna (buona o cattiva) vantaggioso (affare) il bene e il male il bene e il male vantaggi e svantaggi varietà operai società colta Festival di primavera (Capodanno cinese) Festa delle Lanterne Qingming o Festival della Luminosità Pura il Dragon Boat Festival (5° giorno del 5° mese lunare) doppio sette festival, serata del settimo del settimo mese lunare il Festival di metà autunno il 15 dell'8° mese lunare San Valentino Giornata internazionale del lavoro (Festa del Lavoro) carnevale (parola d'ordine) lavoro partito conservatore navale esercito invasore valore valore nominale valzer (danza) (parola d'ordine) rivincita corsa di cavalli classificatore per cavalli, muli e cammelli lavoro durata di conservazione d'ora in poi anteriore e posteriore prima di a seguito di prima di l'anno precedente l'anno dopo il prossimo anno dopo anno dopo anno dopo anno l'altro ieri vacanza vacanze estive vacanze invernali lunga vacanza mentre si vive (dei propri antenati) lato anteriore anteriore e posteriore a seguito di a seguito di di fronte a di fronte a Passare a cavallo di rondine sfogare la propria rabbia deludente essere di cattivo umore rivaleggiare con qcn. per i riflettori rivalutazione convincere convincere non vale non vale lavorare sodo convalescenza evapora lavoro lavoro manuale lavoro pensione (dal lavoro) licenziare (un lavoratore) lavorare sodo per qcs. fare del bene divisione del lavoro andare avanti spingere in avanti vai al lavoro trasformare la sconfitta in vittoria (idioma); trasformare la marea peggiorare le cose in una brutta situazione nessun anticipo di camera o di ritirarsi (idioma); senza alcuna via d'uscita da un dilemma insolvenza essere in svantaggio svalutato trarre un vantaggio sleale avanzamento avanzare a passi da gigante avanzare coraggiosamente lavoro (soprattutto in ufficio) prendetevi una vacanza fare un turno di lavoro valutare valutare valutare valutazione valutazione innovazioni pagare una tassa evasione fiscale pagare in anticipo posa (pavimentazione, cablaggio, ecc.) rielaborazione Festival di primavera (Capodanno cinese) scrivendo corsa di cavalli invasione processo pubblico (in un tribunale) la rieducazione attraverso il lavoro evitare gli spiriti maligni predicare (il Vangelo) prenotazione può parlare molto bene (idioma); il dono della parlantina vantarsi chiacchiere pigramente competere per evapotraspirazione evaporazione valanga lavorare insieme uscire dal lavoro in anticipo prevenire i problemi prima che accadano (idioma); per prevenire evadere evadere (un problema) prevalente prevalente variazioni vandalizzare innovazioni aumento di valore apprezzare (in valore) anticipo (una causa) convalidare (una teoria) conservazione del suolo autoconservazione equivale a equivale a equivalente a equivalente conservatore a cavallo di prendi (una cattiva abitudine) vantaggioso devastazione vasto (di oceano) multivariata (matematica.) molti e variegati varietà vasto vasto territorio con abbondanti risorse prevalente di basso valore vantaggi e svantaggi hanno vantaggi e svantaggi i pro superano i contro beneficio tangibile invano prevalente vivace vividamente fresco e vivo spirito vivo, immagine vivente (idioma); vita vera prossimo migliaia di truppe e cavalli oggetti di valore Moonlighting va da sé che vanità vivace selvaggio illuminato. i quattro elementi sono la vanità lesinare sul lavoro e lesinare sui materiali lit. una ciotola d'acqua è pari a una tazza mettere gli altri prima di se stessi avaro avaro avaro (dialetto) avaro avaro stravagante stravagante (idioma); dispendioso stravaganza e rifiuti inebriato e sognando la morte avanzamento andare avanti avanzato (tecnologia) chiacchierone illuminato. l'uccello maldestro vola per primo (idioma); fig. lavorare sodo per compensare le proprie limitate capacità laboriose e durevoli sofferenze lit. mangia molto ma non funziona mai (idioma); fig. un parassita il dono della parlantina senza talento vivere in pace e lavorare felicemente vasto e scarsamente popolato (idioma); scarsamente popolato lit. singola lancia e cavallo (idioma); fig. a una mano scene spaventose di devastazione sempre (in precedenza) sempre (in precedenza) (lo stesso) di prima in anticipo in anticipo prossimo d'ora in poi in anticipo andrà a andrà a sempre (in precedenza) Inutile dire che non così male come all'indirizzo 
personnes valides (aptes au service militaire) personne polyvalente chevalier en armure brillante oie sauvage avaler vache laitière lavande vaisseau sanguin vaginal congé de vacances vallées vapeur d'eau vague de la mer vagues bateau à vapeur excavateur chariot élévateur navire à vapeur vases petit pain à la vapeur avant et arrière désavantageuse variations la chance (bonne ou mauvaise) avantage concret bon et mauvais bon et mauvais avantages et inconvénients variété Travailleurs société savante Festival du printemps (Nouvel An chinois) Festival des lanternes Qingming ou Festival de la pure luminosité le festival des bateaux-dragons (5e jour du 5e mois lunaire) festival double seven, soirée du septième du septième mois lunaire le Festival de la mi-automne, le 15 du 8e mois lunaire La Saint-Valentin Fête internationale du travail (May Day) carnaval (mot d'emprunt) travail parti conservateur naval l'armée d'invasion valeur valeur nominale valse (danse) (mot de prêt) revanche course de chevaux classificateur pour chevaux, mules et chameaux travail durée de conservation dorénavant avant et arrière avant suivant avant l'avant-dernière année l'année suivante année après année après l'année suivante avant-hier vacances vacances d'été vacances d'hiver longues vacances de son vivant (de ses ancêtres) face avant avant et arrière suivant suivant devant devant passer devant à cheval sur avaler évacuer sa colère décevant être de mauvaise humeur rivaliser avec qqn pour les feux de la rampe réévaluation convaincre convaincre ne vaut pas ne vaut pas travailler dur convalescence s'évaporer travail le travail manuel travail la retraite (du travail) licenciement (un travailleur) travailler dur pour qqch. faire du bon travail division du travail aller de l'avant faire avancer aller au travail transformer la défaite en victoire (idiome) ; pour renverser la vapeur aggraver les choses dans une mauvaise situation pas d'avance ou de recul de la salle (idiome) ; sans aucune issue à un dilemme insolvabilité être désavantagé dévaluée tirer un avantage déloyal avancement une avance à pas de géant avancer courageusement travail (en particulier dans un bureau) prendre des vacances travailler en équipe évaluer évaluer évaluer évaluation évaluation innovations payer une redevance évasion fiscale payer à l'avance poser (pavage, câblage, etc.) retravailler Festival du printemps (Nouvel An chinois) en écrivant à course de chevaux invasion procès public (devant un tribunal) la rééducation par le travail éviter les mauvais esprits prêcher (l'évangile) réservation peut très bien parler (idiome) ; le don du bavardage se vanter bavarder sans rien faire rivaliser pour évapotranspiration évaporation avalanche travailler ensemble quitter le travail à l'avance prévenir les problèmes avant qu'ils ne surviennent (idiome) ; prévenir evade évasion (un problème) prévalent prévalent variations vandaliser innovations augmentation de la valeur apprécier (en valeur) avance (une cause) valider (une théorie) la conservation des sols l'auto-préservation équivaut à équivaut à équivalent à équivalent conservateur à cheval sur prendre (une mauvaise habitude) avantageux ravager vaste (de l'océan) multivariable (mathématiques) nombreux et variés variété vaste un vaste territoire aux ressources abondantes prévalent de faible valeur avantages et inconvénients présentent des avantages et des inconvénients les avantages l'emportent sur les inconvénients avantage concret en vain prévalent vivace de façon très vivante frais et vivants esprit vivant, image vivante (idiome) ; vraie vie suivant des milliers de soldats et de chevaux objets de valeur travail au noir il va sans dire vanité vivace sauvage Les quatre éléments sont la vanité lésiner sur le travail et manquer de matériel lit. un bol d'eau équivaut à une tasse faire passer les autres avant soi-même avare avare avare (dialecte) avare avare extravagant extravagant (idiome) ; gaspilleur extravagance et gaspillage enivré et rêvant de mort avancement aller de l'avant avancé (technologie) bavardage lit. l'oiseau maladroit vole en premier (idiome) ; fig. travailler dur pour compenser ses capacités limitées un travail acharné et des difficultés persistantes lit. mange beaucoup mais ne travaille jamais (idiome) ; fig. un parasite le don du bavardage sans valeur vivre en paix et travailler dans la joie vaste et peu peuplé (idiome) ; peu peuplé lit. simple lance et cheval (idiome) ; fig. simple des scènes de dévastation épouvantables toujours (auparavant) toujours (auparavant) (même) qu'auparavant à l'avance à l'avance suivant dorénavant à l'avance va va toujours (auparavant) Il va sans dire que pas aussi mauvais que à l'adresse suivante : 
sin discapacidad (apto para el servicio militar) persona con múltiples talentos caballero de brillante armadura ganso salvaje golondrina vaca lechera lavanda vaso sanguíneo vaginal vacaciones valles vapor de agua ola de mar ondas vaporizador excavadora montacargas barco de vapor jarrones panecillo al vapor delante y detrás... desventajosa variaciones suerte (buena o mala) beneficio tangible bueno y malo bueno y malo ventajas y desventajas variedad trabajadores sociedad culta Festival de Primavera (Año Nuevo Chino) Festival de las linternas Qingming o Festival de Puro Brillo el Festival del Barco del Dragón (5º día del 5º mes lunar) festival del doble siete, la noche del séptimo mes lunar el Festival de Medio Otoño el 15 del 8º mes lunar El día de San Valentín Día Internacional del Trabajo (May Day) carnaval (palabra de préstamo) trabajo partido conservador naval ejército invasor valor valor de paridad vals (baile) (palabra de préstamo) revancha carrera de caballos clasificador de caballos, mulas y camellos trabajo vida útil De aquí en adelante delante y detrás... antes de siguiente antes de el antepasado año pasado el año siguiente año tras año tras el próximo año antes de ayer vacaciones vacaciones de verano vacaciones de invierno largas vacaciones mientras uno vive (de sus antepasados) lado delantero... delante y detrás... siguiente siguiente delante de delante de pasar por delante a horcajadas golondrina desahogar la ira de uno decepcionante estar de mal humor rivalizar con algn. por el protagonismo reevaluación convencer a convencer a no vale la pena no vale la pena trabajar duro Convalecencia evaporarse trabajo trabajo manual trabajo jubilación (del trabajo) despedir (a un trabajador) trabajar duro para algo hacer buenas obras división del trabajo avanzando... empujar hacia adelante... ir a trabajar convertir la derrota en victoria (modismo); cambiar la marea empeorar las cosas en una mala situación no hay espacio para avanzar o retroceder (modismo); sin ninguna forma de salir de un dilema insolvencia estar en desventaja devaluado se aprovechan injustamente avance avanzar a pasos agigantados avanzar con valentía trabajo (especialmente en una oficina) tomar unas vacaciones trabajar un turno evalúa evaluar evalúa evaluación evaluación innovaciones pagar una cuota evasión de impuestos pagar por adelantado la colocación (pavimento, cableado, etc.) reelaborar Festival de Primavera (Año Nuevo Chino) escribiendo carrera de caballos invasión juicio público (en un tribunal de justicia) reeducación a través del trabajo evitar los malos espíritus predicar (el evangelio) reservación puede hablar muy bien (modismo); el don de la charla presumir parlotear sin hacer nada competir por evapotranspiración evaporación avalancha trabajar juntos salir del trabajo por adelantado prevenir los problemas antes de que ocurran (modismo); para prevenir evadir evadir (un tema) prevalente prevalente variaciones vandalizar innovaciones aumento del valor apreciación (en valor) avance (una causa) validar (una teoría) conservación del suelo autopreservación equivalen a equivalen a equivalente a equivalente conservador a horcajadas obtener (un mal hábito) ventajoso estragos vasto (del océano) multivariado (matemáticas). muchos y variados variedad extensivo vasto territorio con abundantes recursos prevalente de bajo valor ventajas y desventajas tienen ventajas y desventajas los pros superan a los contras ventajoso (trato) en vano prevalente vivaz vívidamente fresco y vivo espíritu vivo, imagen viva (idioma); vida verdadera siguiente miles de tropas y caballos objetos de valor trabajo en la luna no hace falta decir vanidad vivaz salvaje iluminado. los cuatro elementos son la vanidad escatimar en el trabajo y escatimar en los materiales iluminado. un tazón de agua es igual a una taza poner a los demás antes que a uno mismo avaricioso tacaño tacaño (dialecto) tacaño tacaño extravagante extravagante (modismo); derrochador extravagancia y desperdicio intoxicado y soñando con la muerte avance seguir adelante avanzado (tecnología) blabbermouth encendido. el pájaro torpe vuela primero (modismo); fig. trabajar duro para compensar las habilidades limitadas de uno ...trabajando duro y soportando penurias... lit. come mucho pero nunca trabaja (modismo); fig. un parásito el regalo de la charla sin talento vivir en paz y trabajar felizmente vasto y poco poblado (modismo); poco poblado lit. lanza y caballo (idioma); fig. con una sola mano terribles escenas de devastación siempre (previamente) siempre (previamente) (igual) que antes por adelantado por adelantado siguiente De aquí en adelante por adelantado va a va a siempre (previamente) no hace falta decir no tan malo como en prime age 16 壮年 [壯-] zhuàngnián (big-age) prime age: 他今年38岁, 正是~. This year he is 38 years old, it is the prime of life. ' authority, great master 6 大家 [-] dàjiā (big-school) authority, great master: 书法~ great master of calligraphy || 文学 ~ literary authority ' lover 35 恋人 [戀-] liànrén (love-man) lover: 新的~ new lover || 一对~ a pair of lovers ' swan 4 天鹅 [-鵝] tiān’é (sky-goose) swan: 白~ white swan || ~湖 Swan Lake ' mandarin duck 9 鸳鸯 [鴛鴦] yuānyāng (male mandarin duck-female mandarin duck) mandarin duck: 一对~ a pair of mandarin ducks || ~枕头 mandarin duck pillows ' cattle 14 牛 [-] niú (cow) cattle: 一头~ a cow || 公/母~ a bull/a cow ' lucky clover, four-leaf clover 17 幸运草 [-運-] xìngyùncǎo (lucky-grass) lucky clover, four-leaf clover: 一片~ a piece of lucky clover || 四叶草代表着幸运, 所以也叫做~. The fourleaf clover represents luck, so it’s also called the lucky clover. ' muscle 62 肌肉 [-] jīròu (muscle-meat) muscle: 背部~ back muscles || ~结实 (jiēshi) solid muscles ' genitalia 75 阴部 [陰-] yīnbù (genital-part) genitalia: 外~ outer genitalia ' milk 93 奶 [-] nǎi (milk) milk: 喝~ drink milk || 牛~ cow’s milk ' mountain valley 7 山谷 [-] shān’gǔ (mountain-valley) mountain valley: 坠 (zhuì) 入~ fall into a valley || 宁静 (níngjìng) 的~ peaceful and tranquil mountain valley ' vapor, water vapor 47 水蒸气 [--氣] shuǐzhēngqì (water-vapor) vapor, water vapor: ~也是一 种气体. Water vapor is also a gas. ' ocean wave 49 海浪 [-] hǎilàng (sea-wave) ocean wave: 白色的~ white waves || 一个 接一个的~ one wave after another ' wave 50 波浪 [-] bōlàng (wave-big wave) wave: ~起伏 rising and falling waves || ~滚滚 (gǔngǔn) rolling waves || 大~ large waves ' steam engine 11 蒸汽机 [--機] zhēngqìjī (steam-vapor-engine) steam engine: 发明~ invent steam engine || 老式~ old-styled steam engine ' excavator 14 挖土机 [--機] wātǔjī (dig-soil-machine) excavator: 一辆/台~ an excavator ' forklift truck 16 铲车 [鏟車] chǎnchē (forklift-truck) forklift truck: 一辆／台~ a forklift truck ' steamship, steamboat 33 轮船 [輪-] lúnchuán (wheel-boat) steamship, steamboat: 坐~ take a steamer || 一艘 (sōu) ~ a steamer || 远洋~ ocean liner ' vase 12 花瓶 [-] huāpíng (flower-vase) vase: 水晶~ crystal vase || 瓷 (cí) ~ porcelain vase ' (steamed) bun 17 馒头 [饅頭] mántou (bun-suffix) (steamed) bun: 一个~ a steamed bun || 蒸 (zhēng) ~ steam bun ' around, from beginning to end, altogether 12 前后 [-後] qiánhòu (before-after) around, from beginning to end, altogether: 春节~ around the spring festival || 这篇小说从写作到完成, ~用了一 年的时间. The novel took a year to write altogether, from start to finish || 他~ 去过中国四五次. He has been to China four or five times altogether. ' disadvantage, inferior position 28 劣势 [-勢] lièshì (inferior-situation) disadvantage, inferior position: 处 于~地位in inferior position ' 气温的~ variations of temperature || 发生很大~ the great changes have taken place || 市 场在不断~. The market is in a constant state of flux. 68 变化 [變-] biànhuà (change-convert) fortune, luck 45 运气 [運氣] yùnqì (luck-destiny) fortune, luck: ~好 good fortune || 碰~ run into good fate 131 ' material benefit 81 实惠 [實-] shíhuì (material-benefit) material benefit: 有, 没有~ have, have no material benefit || 得到~ obtain material benefit || 很多~ lots of material benefits ' good and bad 40 好坏 [-壞] hǎohuài (good-bad) good and bad: ~不分 cannot tell good from bad || 辨别 ~ tell good from bad ' good and bad, superior and inferior 42 优劣 [優-] yōuliè (superior-inferior) good and bad, superior and inferior: 产品 ~ superior and inferior goods || 方法 ~ superior and inferior methods ' advantages and disadvantages 46 利弊 [-] lìbì (advantage-disadvantage) advantages and disadvantages: 各有~ each has advantages and disadvantages || 权衡 (quánhéng) ~ weigh advantages disadvantages ' breeds, varieties 49 品种 [-種] pǐnzhǒng (product-kind) breeds, varieties: 水果~ fruit breeds || 增加~ increase the variety || ~多many varieties ' labor force 8 劳力 [勞-] láolì (labor-force) labor force: 壮 ~ strong labor force || 缺乏~ lack of labor force || 剩余 (shèngyú) ~ surplus labor force ' institute 40 学会 [學會] xuéhuì (academic-group) institute: 历史~ history institute || 布鲁金斯学会~ Brookings Institute || 成立~ establish an institute ' Spring Festival, Chinese New Year 13 春节 [-節] chūnjié (spring-festival) Spring Festival, Chinese New Year: 过~ spend the Chinese New Year || 欢度~ joyously celebrate the Spring Festival ' Lantern Festival (15th day of the new year) 14 元宵节 [--節] yuánxiāojié (first- (full moon) night-festival) Lantern Festival (15th day of the new year): 正月 (zhēngyuè) 十五日是~. The 15th day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar is the Lantern Festival. ' Tomb Sweeping Festival 15 清明节 [--節] qīngmíngjié (clear-bright-festival) Tomb Sweeping Festival: ~在每年的四月四日至四月六日之间. Tomb Sweeping Festival is between April 4 and April 6 on the lunar calendar every year. ' Dragon Boat Festival 16 端午节 [--節] duānwǔjié (beginning-fifth-festival) Dragon Boat Festival: 每年农历的五月初五是~. May 5th on the Chinese lunar calendar every year is Dragon Boat Festival. ' seventh evening of the seventh month (lunar calendar) (when the herd boy and the weaving girl are supposed to meet) 17 七夕 [-] qīxī (seventh-evening) seventh evening of the seventh month (lunar calendar) (when the herd boy and the weaving girl are supposed to meet): ~就是中国的情人节. The seventh evening of the seventh month (lunar calendar) is Chinese Valentine’s Day. ' Mid-Autumn Festival 18 中秋节 [--節] zhōngqiūjié (mid-autumn-festival) Mid-Autumn Festival: ~是家人团聚 (tuánjù) 的日子. Mid-Autumn Festival is a day for the gathering of family members. ' Valentine’s Day 22 情人节 [--節] qíngrénjié (lover-day) Valentine’s Day: 二月十四日是~. February 14th is Valentine’s Day. ' Labor Day 23 劳动节 [勞動節] láodòngjié (labor-day) Labor Day: 五月一日是国际 ~. May 1st is International Labor Day. ' Mardi Gras, Carnival 29 狂欢节 [-歡節] kuánghuānjié (wild-celebration-day) Mardi Gras, Carnival ' physical labor, work 4 劳动 [勞動] láodòng (labor-work) physical labor, work: 家务~ housework || 农业 ~ agriculture work, farm labor || 参加 ~ take part in the work ' The Conservative Party 33 保守党 [--黨] bǎoshǒudǎng (conservative-party) The Conservative Party: ~政府The Conservative Party government || ~人The Conservative Party member ' navy 18 海军 [-軍] hǎijūn (sea-force) navy: 建设~ establish a navy || 强大的~ powerful navy || ~力量 naval force ' invading army, aggressor troops 30 侵略军 [--軍] qīnlüèjūn (invade-army) invading army, aggressor troops: 日本~ Japanese Aggressors ' price 5 价值 [價-] jiàzhí (price-value) price: 实用~ practical value || 新闻~ news value || 自我~ personal value ' face value, par value 18 面值 [-] miànzhí (face-value) face value, par value: ~大 large face value || ~为一百元的纸币the face value of this bank note is 100 yuan. 199 ' waltz 36 华尔兹 [華爾茲] huá’ěrzī (transliteration) waltz: 跳~ dance a waltz || ~舞曲waltz music ' quarter-final 4 复赛 [複賽] fùsài (intermediary-competition) quarter-final: 进入~ reach the quarter-final ' horse racing 31 赛马 [賽馬] sàimǎ (race-horse) horse racing: ~项目horse racing event || ~活动horse racing activity || ~场horse racing course ' measure word for horses and cloth 36 匹 [-] pǐ (match) measure word for horses and cloth: 两~马 two horses || 一~布 one cloth ' period of time (may be months, or mere seconds) 19 工夫 [-] gōngfū (work-time) period of time (may be months, or mere seconds): 几天~ a couple of days || 一会儿~ a few moments || 花了很多~ spend some solid time ' shelf life, quality guarantee period, expiration date 25 保质期 [-質-] bǎozhìqī (guarantee-quality-period) shelf life, quality guarantee period, expiration date: ~三个月 three month shelf life || 过了~ past the expiration date ' in the future 14 今后 [-後] jīnhòu (today-after) in the future: ~五年内 in the next five years || ~的打算 (dǎsuàn) future plans || ~再学开车learn driving in the future ' around, about 17 前后 [-後] qiánhòu (before-after) around, about: ~三个小时 about three hours || ~五次 about five times || ~时间 around a certain time ' before 23 以前 [-] yǐqián (from-before) before: 上课~ before class || 十八岁~ before the age of 18 || 说话~ before speaking ' later 28 之后 [-後] zhīhòu (’s-later) later: 六天~ six days later || 回去~ after returning || 演出~ after the performance ' before 30 之前 [-] zhīqián (’s-before) before: 一个星期~ one week ago || 同意~ before agreeing || 下班~ before getting off work ' two years ago 12 前年 [-] qiánnián (before-year) two years ago: ~夏天 the summer two years ago || ~毕业 graduated two years ago || ~八月two years ago in August ' two years later 16 后年 [後-] hòunián (behind-year) two years later: 大~ three years latter || ~完成 will finish in two years || ~毕业 will graduate in two years ' three years later 17 大后年 [-後-] dàhòunián (far-behind-year) three years later: ~毕业 will graduate in three years ' the day before yesterday 57 前天 [-] qiántiān (before-day) the day before yesterday: 大~ two days before yesterday ' holiday 79 假日 [-] jiàrì (vacation-day) holiday: 周末~ weekend holiday || 法定~ holiday by law || 春节~ lunar holiday ' summer vacation 81 暑假 [-] shǔjià (summer-vacation) summer vacation: 放~ having summer vacation || ~三个月three months of summer vacation || ~期间 during summer vacation ' winter break 82 寒假 [-] hánjià (winter-vacation) winter break: 放~ have winter break || 过~ spend winter break || ~作业 homework for winter break ' long holiday, long leave of absence 86 长假 [-] chángjià (long-vacation) long holiday, long leave of absence: 请~ ask for a long leave of absence || 放~ having a long holiday || 休/度过~ spend a long holiday ' for the rest of one’s life 11 有生之年 [-] yǒushēngzhīnián (have-life-’s-year) for the rest of one’s life: 邓小平早年去过香港, 可是晚年以后, 他希望在~再去一次香港, 可 惜他在香港回归中国之前就去世了. Deng Xiaoping visited Hong Kong at an early age, but later in his life, he hoped to visit Hong Kong again. Unfortunately, he died before Hong Kong returned to China. ' front, the front side 32 前边 [-邊] qiánbiān (front-side) front, the front side: 走在~ walk in front of || ~的树林 in front of the forest || 超市~ in front of the market ' from beginning to end, around 33 前后 [-後] qiánhòu (front-behind) from beginning to end, around: 房 屋~ all around the house || 马车的~ in front and behind the cart || ~车轮 (chēlún) around the wheel ' below, below part 50 下面 [-] xiàmiàn (below-area) below, below part: 衣服~ below the clothes || 阳光~ under the radiance || 水~ under the water ' below 85 以下 [-] yǐxià (from-below) below: ~安排 the plans below || ~内容 the content below || 四年级~ below 4th grade ' in the face of, facing 124 面前 [-] miàqián (face-front) in the face of, facing: 在朋友~ in the face of friends || 公众~ in front of a crowd ' in front (of) 126 跟前 [-] gēnqián (heel-front) in front (of): 车子~ in front of a car || 来 到~ go to the front || 跑到~ run to the front ' walk pass 3 走过 [-過] zǒuguò (walk-pass) walk pass: ~广场 walk pass the piazza || ~马路 walk past the street || ~木桥 walk past the wooden bridge ' stride 20 跨 [-] kuà (stride) stride: ~一大步 stride || ~左腿 stride left foot first || ~ 上马 mount a horse ' swallow 12 吞 [-] tūn (swallow) swallow: ~口水 swallow spit || ~一粒药 take medicine ' feel discouraged 38 泄气 [洩氣] xièqì (leak-ambition) feel discouraged: 他碰到困难就容 易~. He easily keeps his end up in the face of difficulties. ' disappointed 39 失望 [-] shīwàng (lose-hope) disappointed: 感到~ be disappointed || ~地走了 disappointedly leave || ~的心情 a disappointed mood ' be in a bad mood 16 闹情绪 [鬧-緒] nàoqíngxù (indulge-mood) be in a bad mood: 常常~ often be in a bad mood || 这个孩子因为父母让他做家务, 而跟父母 ~. This child was in a mood because her parents made her do housework. ' fight for someone’s love 28 争风吃醋 [爭風--] zhēngfēngchīcù (fight-limelight-eat-vinegar) fight for someone’s love: 这两个女孩子为了一个男的而~. Two young girls fought with each other over a man. ' rethink, reconsider 24 反思 [-] fǎnsī (back-think) rethink, reconsider: ~失败原因 re-assess the cause of failure || 进行~ be rethinking ' be convinced 19 服气 [-氣] fúqì (convinced-heart) be convinced: 心里不大~ not too convinced || 大家听了对他更加~ everyone convinced him more ' convince 21 信服 [-] xìnfú (believe-convinced) convince: 使观众~ convince the audience || ~这位演讲者convince the speaker ' not worth 24 不值 [-] bùzhí (not-worth) not worth: ~一提not worth mentioning || ~钱not worth the money || 一文~ not worth a cent ' not worth 24 不值 [-] bùzhí (not-worth) not worth: ~一提not worth mentioning || ~钱not worth the money || 一文~ not worth a cent ' doing arduous or unpleasant work 25 操劳 [-勞] cāoláo (do-work) doing arduous or unpleasant work: 日夜~ work day and night || ~过度overwork || ~家务work hard for the housework ' recuperate 46 疗养 [療養] liáoyǎng (remedy-convalesce) recuperate: ~两个 月recuperate for two months ' steam 72 蒸 [-] zhēng (steam) steam: 清~鱼steamed fish ' 在银行~ work in the bank || ~了五年 work for five years || 参加~ participate in jobs 2 工作 [-] gōngzuò (work-do) work 3 干活儿 [幹-兒] gànhuór (do-work) work: 帮他 ~ help him work || 干半 天活儿 work for a while || 干累活儿do the hard work ' work, labor 8 劳动 [勞動] láodòng (labor-work) work, labor: 辛勤~ work hard || 体 力~ manual labor || 脑力~ mental work ' retire 26 退休 [-] tuìxiū (retire-rest) retire: 提早~ early retirement || 不愿~ do not want to retire || ~工人retired workers ' lay off 28 下岗 [-崗] xiàgǎng (off-post) lay off: 暂时 (zànshí) ~ temporarily lay off || ~工人 laid-off workers 367 ' make a good showing, win credit for 31 争气 [爭氣] zhēngqì (win-spirit) make a good showing, win credit for : 为父母~ work hard to win honor for one’s parents|| 为中国~bring credit to China|| 怪自己不~ blame oneself for the failure ' do good 33 行善 [-] xíngshàn (do-good) do good: 劝人~ persuade people to do good ' divide up the work, division of labor 10 分工 [-] fēngōng (divide-work) divide up the work, division of labor: 分一下工 divide up some work || 社会~ social division of labor|| ~负责 division of labor with individual responsibility ' advance, forge ahead, ahead 25 向前 [-] xiàngqián (toward-front) advance, forge ahead, ahead: ~看look ahead || ~走walk forward, move forward || ~发展 the forward development of ' push forward 29 推进 [-進] tuījìn (push-forward) push forward: 向南~ push on southwards || ~房间 carry on with the room || ~改革 push on with reform ' go to work 47 上班 [-] shàngbān (go to-work) go to work: 准时~ go to work on time || 打车~ drive to work || 在公司~ go to work at the company ' turn defeat into victory 14 反败为胜 [-敗-勝] fǎnbàiwéishèng (turn-defeat-into-victory) turn defeat into victory: 中国队~, 赢了韩国队. The Chinese team turned defeat into victory to beat the South Korean team. ' one disaster after another 3 雪上加霜 [-] xuěshàngjiāshuāng (snow-top-add-frost) one disaster after another: 中国经济因外资撤退 (chètuì, withdraw) 而~. China’s economy has been made worse by the retreat of foreign investment. ' find it hard to advance or to retreat, be in a dliemna 9 进退两难 [進-兩難] jìntuìliǎngnán (advance-retreat-both-hard) find it hard to advance or to retreat, be in a dliemna: 处在~的境地 be in a tough circumstance || 小王~, 不知道是留在学校学习还是找工作. Little Wang had a dilemma because he didn’t know whether to stay at school and study or find a job and work. ' go bankrupt 20 破产 [-產] pòchǎn (lose-property) go bankrupt: 破了产 go bankrupt. || ~企业 a bankrupt entity. ' suffer losses 16 吃亏 [-虧] chīkuī (suffer-loss) suffer losses: 做生意不了解市场就要~. If you don’t know the market, you’ll suffer losses. ' not match one’s position, lose face 28 掉价 [-價] diàojià (lower-status) not match one’s position, lose face: 她觉得大学毕业以后在饭馆当服务员很~. She feels it is beneath her to be a restaurant waitress after graduating from college. ' take advantage of 7 占便宜 [-] zhànpiányí (take-advantage) take advantage of: 喜欢~ likes getting an extra advantage || 占别人的便宜 make up for other people taking advantages ' ~快/慢 improve quickly/slowly || 有很大~ make great progress || 社会~ social progress 2 进步 [進-] jìnbù (advance-step) advance by leaps and bounds 6 突飞猛进 [-飛-進] tūfēiměngjìn (abrupt-fly-sudden-advance) advance by leaps and bounds: 科技~. Technology advances by leaps and bounds. ' advance bravely 7 勇往直前 [-] yǒngwǎngzhíqián (brave-go-direct-forward) advance bravely: 鼓舞大家~ encourage everyone advance bravely ' work (usu. in an office), handle official business 10 办公 [辦-] bàngōng (handle-official business) work (usu. in an office), handle official business: 在家里~ work from home || ~室 office || 照常~ handle official business as usual ' have a vacation 30 放假 [-] fàngjià (away-vacation) have a vacation: ~两天 two day vacation || 放三天假 have a three day vacation ' be on duty 33 值班 [-] zhíbān (be on-duty) be on duty: 值夜班 work the night shift || 值早班 work the morning shift || 正在~ currently on duty ' examine 9 评审 [評審] píngshěn (review-examine) examine: 严格~ strict examination || ~科技成果 examine technological achievements ' judge 26 评判 [評-] píngpàn (comment-judge) judge: ~别人 judge other people ' 市场~ market assessment || 技术~ technological assessment 27 评估 [評-] pínggū (review-assess) ~别人 evaluate another person || 做出, 进行~ do an evaluation || 公正 的~ fair evaluation 30 评价 [評價] píngjià (comment-appraise) examine, check up on, review 31 考核 [-] kǎohé (review-check) examine, check up on, review: 定期~ routine check || ~干部 assess a cadre || 年终~ annual staff performance review ' 技术~ technical innovation || ~观念 innovate ideas || 全面~ an overall innovation 16 革新 [-] géxīn (change-new) pay 9 交费 [-費] jiāofèi (pay-fee) pay: ~五十元 pay 50 yuan || ~窗口 paying windows || ~上学 pay to go to school ' evade taxation, tax evasion 11 漏税 [-] lòushuì (evade-tax) evade taxation, tax evasion: ~严重 serious tax evasion ' prepay 24 预付 [預-] yùfù (advance-payment) prepay: ~定金 prepay deposit || ~房 租 prepay rent ' lay, pave, build 14 铺设 [鋪設] pūshè (lay-set up) lay, pave, build: ~管道 lay the pipeline || ~铁路 lay the tracks || ~草坪 pave the lawn ' return to repair 9 返修 [-] fǎnxiū (return-repair) return to repair: ~一次 return to repair once || 进行~ make repair ' transportation during the Spring Festival 9 春运 [-運] chūnyùn (spring festival-transit) transportation during the Spring Festival: 铁路~ the railway transportation during the Spring Festival ' write, compose 2 写作 [寫-] xiězuò (write-compose) write, compose: ~小说 write a novel || 新闻~ write news || 认真~ serious writing ' horse racing 19 赛马 [賽馬] sàimǎ (race-horse) horse racing: 参加~ take part in horse racing ' intrude, invade 10 入侵 [-] rùqīn (enter-invade) intrude, invade: 步步~ step by step invasion || 疯狂~ crazy invasion || ~大陆 invade the mainland ' public trial 22 公审 [-審] gōngshěn (public-try) public trial: ~主犯 publicly try a culprit || 开庭~ begin a public court trial ' reeducation through labor 31 劳教 [勞-] láojiào (labor-education) reeducation through labor: ~两年 two years of re-education through labor ' avoid evil spirits 18 避邪 [-] bìxié (avoid-demon) avoid evil spirits: 以镜~ use a mirror to avoid evil spirits ' preach, give a sermon 28 布道 [佈-] bùdào (preach-gospel) preach, give a sermon: 传经~ pass on doctrine in a sermon || 开坛~ preach at the altar ' make an appointment 12 预约 [預約] yùyuē (forehand-arrange) make an appointment: ~服务 booking service || ~搬家 make an appointment to move || ~病人 make an appointment to see a patient ' have the gift of the gab, be a glib talker 44 能说会道 [-説會-] néngshuōhuìdào (able to-speak-good at-talk) have the gift of the gab, be a glib talker: 个个~. They are all glib talkers. ' boast 49 吹牛[-] chuīniú (blow-cow) boast: 大声~ loudly boast || ~聊天 chat and brag ' chatter idly, boast or brag 60 侃大山 [-] kǎndàshān (piffle-big-mountain) chatter idly, boast or brag: 跟朋友~ chatter idly with a friend ' vie for 9 争 [爭] zhēng (contend, vie) vie for: ~房子 vie for a house || ~地方 vie for land || ~钱 vie for money ' evaporate 22 蒸发 [-發] zhēngfā (evaporate-off) evaporate: 水分~ water evaporation || 大量~ a lot of evaporation || 液体 (yètǐ) ~ liquid evaporation ' volatile 23 挥发 [揮發] huīfā (volatilize-off) volatile: 瓶子里的酒精都~ 光了. The alcohol inside the bottle has volatilized. || 容易~ easily made volatile || ~快 quickly made volatile ' avalanche 23 雪崩 [-] xuěbēng (snow-landslide) avalanche: ~严重 severe avalanche || 发生~. An avalanche occurred. ' 头部~ the head movement || 地球~ Earth movement || ~的物体 moving object 2 动动 [運動] yùndòng (revolve-move) get off of work 34 下班 [-] xiàbān (get off-work) get off of work: ~后 after getting off work || ~回来return after getting off work || 五点~ get off work at 5 ' move to an earlier date, do sth in advance 1 提前 [-] tíqián (move-forward) move to an earlier date, do sth in advance: ~上班 start work early || ~到达 arrive in advance || ~五个月 5 months in advance ' take preventive measures 5 防患于未然 [--於--] fánghuànwèirán (prevent-hazard-at-not-formed) take preventive measures: 平时要多洗手以~. One should regularly wash their hands as a preventive measure. ' escape, evade 13 逃避 [-] táobì (escape-avoid) escape, evade: ~责任 escape one’s responsibility || ~困难 escape one’s hardship || 无法~ have no chance of escaping ' evade, dodge 14 回避 [-/迴-] huíbì (averse-avoid) evade, dodge: ~问题 avoid questioning || 有意~ willfully evade ' be fashionable, be popular 15 流行 [-] liúxíng (flow-go) be fashionable, be popular: 今年~绿色. The green color is in fashion this year. || ~歌曲pop song || ~文化popular culture ' be in vogue, be very popular 17 盛行 [-] shèngxíng (extensive-go) be in vogue, be very popular: 冬季流 感~. The flu is very prevalent in the winter. || 在一些中国大城市给宠物狗 美发很~. Hairdressing for pet dogs is popular in some big Chinese cities. || ~ 一时 prevail for a time ' 不断~ constantly change || 气温 ~ variations of temperature || 我老家有了很大的~. Great changes have taken place in my home village. 1 变化 [變-] biànhuà (transform-convert) destroy, damage 2 毁坏 [-壞] huǐhuài (destroy-broken) destroy, damage: ~机器 damage to the machine || 全部~. The whole thing was destroyed. ' ~能力 the ability in innovation || 医学~ a great innovation in medicine || 勇于~ be bold in making innovations 8 创新 [創-] chuàngxīn (create-new) rise in value 8 升值 [-] shēngzhí (rise-value) rise in value: 货币~ for currency to increase in value || 房子~ for a house to rise in value || 股票~ for stocks to rise in value ' (of prices) rise 13 涨价 [漲價] zhǎng jià (rise-price) (of prices) rise: 乱~ wild increase in prices || 产品~ increase in price of a good || ~十元 increased by 10 yuan ' promote, enhance 24 增进 [-進] zēngjìn (increase-closer) promote, enhance: ~友谊 promote friendship || ~了解 promote understanding || ~感情 promote feelings ' ~理论verify a theory || 经过 ~ 的遗嘱verified (copy of a) will 59 验证 [驗證] (test-prove) 河流~ river water and soil conservation || 做~工作 do conservation work || 进行~ commence conservation efforts 30 水土保持 [-] shuǐtǔbǎochí (water-soil-maintain) defend oneself, self-defense 31 自保 [-] zìbǎo (self-protect) defend oneself, self-defense: 养兵~ maintain an army to defend oneself || 为了~, 中国决定跟朝鲜断绝一切经济关 系. In order to protect themselves, China decided to cut off all economic relations with North Korea. ' no different from 8 无异于 [無異於] wúyìyú (no-different-from) no different from: 有人认 为炒股~赌博. Some people think that investing in stocks is a gamble. ' equal to 16 等于 [-於] děngyú (equal-to) equal to: 风速~每秒25米 The wind speed is equal to 25 meters per second || 一句不能~两句. A sentence is not equal to two sentences. || 二加二~五. Two plus two makes five. (from 1984) ' match, balance 17 相当 [-當] xiāngdāng (each other-match) match, balance: 年龄~ wellmatched in age || 身高~ well-matched in height || 两队实力~. The two teams are about equal in strength. ' be equal 19 相等 [-] xiāngděng (each other-equal) be equal: 距离~ equal distance || 重量~ equal weight || 完全/几乎 ~ completely equal, almost equal ' guard, keep 57 保守 [-] bǎoshǒu (keep-guard) guard, keep: ~秘密 keep a secret || ~财 产 guard wealth ' stride 42 跨 [-] kuà (stride, go beyond) stride: ~国公司transnational corporation || ~省 cross provinces || ~校 cross schools ' catch (a disease) 4 染上 [-] rǎnshàng (catch-caught) catch (a disease): ~恶习 develop a bad habit || ~颜色stain with a color || ~疾病 catch a disease ' advantageous, beneficial 1 有利 [-] yǒulì (have-advantage) advantageous, beneficial: 对大家~ benefit everyone || ~条件 advantageous conditions || ~的地位 advantageous position ' wreck, destroy 17 摧残 [-殘] cuīcán (destroy-injure) wreck, destroy: ~身体 destroy one’s body || ~新生事物 destroy new things || 严重~ seriously destroy ' open and spacious 20 浩瀚 [-] hàohàn (grand-vast) open and spacious: ~的大海 an open and spacious ocean || ~的星空 an open sky || ~的沙漠 an open and spacious dessert ' diverse, multi 29 多元 [-] duōyuán (multiple-entity) diverse, multi: ~文化 multiple cultures || ~标准 (biāozhǔn) multi-component standard ' massive, a wide range of 30 繁多 [-] fánduō (numerous-many) massive, a wide range of: 人口~ a massive population || 种类~ a wide range of items || ~的商品 a wide range of goods ' various kinds 31 各种 [-種] gèzhǒng (various-kind) various kinds: ~食品 various kinds of food || ~笔 various kinds of pens || ~原 因 various kinds of reasons ' extensive, wide 7 广博 [廣-] guǎngbó (wide-extensive) extensive, wide: 见识~ wide in experience || ~的知识 extensive knowledge ' vast territory and abundant resources 9 地大物博 [-] dìdà wùbó (land-vast-product-abundant) vast territory and abundant resources: ~的国家 a country of abundant resources || 中国~. China is a vast land with abundant resources. ' popular 12 流行 [-] liúxíng (diffuse-go) popular: ~歌曲 popular songs || ~服装 popular clothes || ~的看法 the popular view ' low-end, cheap 44 低档 [-檔] dīdàng (low-order) low-end, cheap: ~鞋 low-end shoes || ~衣服 cheap clothes ' 各有~ there are both advantages and disadvantages || 比较~ be compared with the advantages and disadvantages || 权衡 (quánhéng) ~ weigh the advantages and disadvantages 1 利弊 [-] lìbì (advantage-disadvantage) advantages and disadvantages: 各有~ there are both advantages and disadvantages || 比较~ be compared with the advantages and disadvantages || 权衡 (quánhéng) ~ weigh the advantages and disadvantages' there are both advantages and disadvantages 2 有利有弊 [-] yǒulì yǒubì (have-advantage-have-disadvantage) there are both advantages and disadvantages: 任何事物都~. Everything has its own advantages and disadvantages. || 上网对孩子~. Surfing the Internet has pros and cons. ' advantages outweigh disadvantages 3 利大于弊 [--於-] lìdàyúbì (advantage-more-than-disadvantage) advantages outweigh disadvantages: 网络~吗? Do advantages outweigh disadvantages when it comes to the Internet? ' 这几年人民得到的~最多. In recent years the people have received greater material benefits than ever before. || 价格~ inexpensive price 13 实惠 [實-] shíhuì (real-benefit) invalid, ineffective, in vain 17 无效 [無-] wúxiào (no-effect) invalid, ineffective, in vain: ~劳动labor in vain || ~合同invalid contract || 抢救~ fail to save the life ' ~意义 universal significance || ~使用widely be used || ~现象general phenomenon 4 普遍 [-] pǔbiàn (universal-everywhere) lively, vivid 2 活泼 [-潑] huópo (lively-vigorous) lively, vivid: 性格 (xìnggé) ~ be vivacious by nature. || 这个孩子很~. The child is lively. ' lively, vivid 4 生动 [-動] shēngdòng (lively-vivid) lively, vivid: ~的例子/故事lively examples/stories || 情节~ lively plots || ~有趣vivid and interesting ' fresh and alive 5 鲜活 [鮮-] xiānhuó (fresh-alive) fresh and alive: ~商品fresh goods || ~的鱼虾fresh fish and shrimp || 卡通片里的人物很~. The characters in the cartoon are very vivid. ' vivid, lifelike 8 活灵活现 [-靈-現] huólínghuóxiàn (alive-spirit-lively-appear) vivid, lifelike: 画得~ give a vivid drawing || 说得~ give a vivid description ' next, secondly 24 其次 [-] qícì (its-second) next, secondly: 这家店主要卖书, ~卖笔 和各种文具. This store mainly sells books, and then sells pens and stationery. || 谈恋爱时性格是最主要的, ~才是相貌 (xiàngmào). When you’re in a relationship with him or her, his or her personality is the most important, and the appearance is secondary. ' thousands upon thousands of men and horses – a powerful army, a mighty force 15 千军万马 [-軍萬馬] qiānjūn-wànmǎ (1000-soldier-10, 000-horse) thousands upon thousands of men and horses – a powerful army, a mighty force: 中国的高考如同~过独木桥. The Chinese college entrance exam is so competitive that it seems like a 1,000 horses crossing in a canoe. ' valuable, precious 2 贵重 [貴-] guìzhòng (valuable-precious) valuable, precious: ~的东西 valuables || ~物品 valuables || 礼物很~. The present is very expensive. ' part-time 37 兼职 [-職] jiānzhí (combine-job) part-time: ~工作 part-time work || ~ 老师 part-time teacher || 业余~ part-time engagement ' it goes without saying 16 不言而喻 [-] bùyán’éryù (not-speak-but-understood) it goes without saying: ~的结论 a summary that goes without saying || 其意义是~的. Its meaning goes without saying. ' vanity, vainglory 22 虚荣 [-榮] xūróng (feigned-glory) vanity, vainglory: 爱慕 (àimù) ~ vanity || 追求~ vainly chase glory ' lively, vivacious 21 活泼 [-潑] huópō (lively-rascal) lively, vivacious: 个性~ lively personality || 她上课很~. She took classes in a lively manner. ' crazy, arrogant 25 狂 [-] kuáng (mad) crazy, arrogant: 发~ go crazy || 那个人口气很~ that person is very arrogant ' the sensuous world is illusory, all physical existence is vanity 22 四大皆空 [-] sìdàjiēkōng (four-big-all-empty) the sensuous world is illusory, all physical existence is vanity: ~是佛教的主要思想. ‘The sensuous world is illusory,’ which is the main idea of Buddhism. ' do shoddy work and use inferior material 35 偷工减料 [--減-] tōugōng jiǎnliào (pilfer-man hour-reduce-material) do shoddy work and use inferior material: ~的工程the constructions of cutting corners. || 别找他们盖楼, 他们总是~. Don’t hire them to build a building. They’re always cutting corners. ' hold a bowl of water level – be impartial 7 一碗水端平 [-] yīwǎn shuǐ duānpíng (a-bowl-water-hold-level) hold a bowl of water level – be impartial: 处理争执 (zhēngzhí) 应该~. When settling a dispute, one must be fair to both sides. ' put others before oneself 19 先人后己 [--後-] xiānrén hòujǐ (first-others-later-self) put others before oneself: 在利益面前应该~. In times of benefit, you should put others before yourself. ' avaricious, greedy 25 贪婪 [貪-] tānlán (greedy-covetous) avaricious, greedy: ~的目光 greedy eyes || ~地呼吸着新鲜空气 to take in fresh air (as much as possible) || ~地阅读新书 to tear through a new book ' stingy, narrow-minded, petty 12 小气 [-氣] xiǎoqi (miserly-manner) stingy, narrow-minded, petty: ~的人 a narrow minded person || 她男朋友很~. Her boyfriend is very narrow-minded. ' stingy, miserly, mean 14 吝啬 [-嗇] lìnsè (stingy-thrifty) stingy, miserly, mean: ~的人 a miserly person || ~钱财 frugally spend money || 请别~你的微笑. Please don’t hold back your smile to others. ' stingy, miserly 15 抠门儿 [摳門兒] kōuménr (dig-door) stingy, miserly: 她真 ~ ！How stingy she is! ' unwilling to give up even a hair-very stingy 16 一毛不拔 [-] yīmáo bùbá (one-feather-not-pull) unwilling to give up even a hair-very stingy: 铁公鸡~ a iron rooster (from which no feathers can be plucked) – a tightwad || ~的人a very stingy person/ a tightwad 省 [-] shěng (save) save, omit, leave out: ~钱 save money || ~时间save time ' spend freely, squander 6 挥霍 [揮-] huīhuò (spend-quickly) spend freely, squander: ~金钱 splurge on money || 大肆 (dàsì) ~ spend extravagantly || ~无度spend without restraint ' wasteful, extravagant 9 大手大脚 [-] dàshǒu dàjiǎo (lavish-hand-lavish-foot) wasteful, extravagant: 花钱~ spend lavishly ' extravagant and wasteful 12 铺张浪费 [鋪張-費] pūzhāng làngfèi (extravagant-wasteful) extravagant and wasteful: 反对~ oppose extravagance and waste ' live as if drunk or dreaming- lead a befuddled life 13 醉生梦死 [--夢-] zuìshēng mèngsǐ (drunk-live-dreaming-die) live as if drunk or dreaming- lead a befuddled life: 过着~的生活living a life of intoxicating sleep ' progressive 1 进步 [進-] jìnbù (advance-go) progressive: ~力量 progressive force || ~书籍 (shūjí) progressive literature || ~歌曲 a progressive song ' 不断~ continuous progress || 积极~ positive progress || ~精神 spirit of progress 2 进取 [進-] jìnqǔ (advance-seek) ~技 术 advanced technology || ~青年 ahead of their time (youth) || 表扬~ exceptional praise 3 先进 [-進] xiānjìn (ahead-advance) clumsy of speech 16 嘴笨 [-] zuǐbèn (mouth-clumsy) clumsy of speech: 他~. He is clumsy of speech. ' clumsy birds have to start flying early-the slow need to start early (usu. said in selfdeprecation) 9 笨鸟先飞 [-鳥-飛] bènniǎo xiānfēi (clumsy-bird-first-fly) clumsy birds have to start flying early-the slow need to start early (usu. said in selfdeprecation): ~的办法 the way of clumsy birds || 他不聪明, 但是学习成绩 很好. 因为他知道~, 总是比别人花更多时间学习. He is not smart, but his grades are always good. Because he knows the slow need to start early and always spends more time studying than others. ' bear hardships and stand hard work, work hard and endure hardships 10 吃苦耐劳 [---勞] chīkǔ nàiláo (accept-hardship-endure-labor) bear hardships and stand hard work, work hard and endure hardships: ~的民族 (mínzú) a hardy nation || ~的精神the spirit of hard work || 他工作~, 从不抱 怨. He works hard and never complains. ' piggish, be gluttonsous and lazy 16 好吃懒做 [-喫懶-] hàochī lǎnzuò (like-eat-lazy-work) piggish, be gluttonsous and lazy: ~的人a gluttonous and lazy guy || ~的恶习a bad habit of being gluttonous and lazy || 他是个富二代, ~. He is an affluent second generation and likes to be piggish. ' words flow from the mouth as from the pen of a master.- be an excellent speaker, quick 749 and clever talking, to speak like a printed book 14 出口成章[-] chūkǒu chéngzhāng (out of-mouth-become-article) words flow from the mouth as from the pen of a master.- be an excellent speaker, quick 749 and clever talking, to speak like a printed book: 那个主持人 (zhīchírén) /大学 教授 (jiàoshòu) ~. The host/university professor speaks like a printed book. ' good-for-nothing, worthless 34 不成材[-] bùchéngcái (not-become-timber) good-for-nothing, worthless: 中国古代人相信, 孩子不打~. The ancient Chinese believed that disciplining their children by physical punishment made them successful in the future. ' and work in peace and contentment 8 安居乐业 [--樂業] ānjū lèyè live (peaceful-live-enjoy-job) and work in peace and contentment: 百姓/人民~ The people live and work in peace and contentment ' the vast territory with a sparse population 24 地广人稀 [-廣--] dìguǎng rénxī (land-vast-people-sparse) the vast territory with a sparse population: 这个国家~. This vast country is sparsely populated. ' single-handed, all by oneself, alone 32 单枪匹马 [單槍-馬] dānqiāng pǐmǎ (single-spear-single-horse) single-handed, all by oneself, alone: 他偷渡 (tōudù) 到美国时只剩下二十美 元了, 后来~打天下, 现在拥有几百家餐饮连锁店 (liánsuǒdiàn). When he came to America, he had only $20 left. Later he worked very hard on his own business. Now he has a chain of several hundred restaurants. || ~往前冲play a lone hand ' a spectacle too horrible to endure, a tragic sight 16 惨不忍睹 [慘---] cǎnbùrěndǔ (miserable-not-endure-seen) a spectacle too horrible to endure, a tragic sight: ~的样子 a tragic sight/appearance || 车祸现场~. The site of the car accent was unbearable tragic. ' always (previously) 1 向来 [-來] xiànglái (always-was) always (previously): ~重要 consistently important || ~温柔 (wēnróu) consistently warm, tender || ~脾气不好 always in bad temper ' always (previously), a period of time in the recent past 3 一向 [-] yīxiàng (all-was) always (previously), a period of time in the recent past: 他们~有矛盾 (máodùn). They have consistently had problems. || ~认真 consistently hardworking || ~冷静 (lěngjìng) consistently calm ' as before, (same) as usual 4 照样 [-樣] zhàoyàng (as-before) as before, (same) as usual: ~生活 live a life as usual || ~完成任务 complete work as usual || ~吃喝 eat and drink as usual ' first, primary 5 先 [-] xiān (first, before) first, primary: ~走 walk first || ~吃 eat first || 在快餐店应该~点饮料再点食物. At the fast food restaurant, you should first order drinks and then food. ' beforehand, in advance 6 预先 [預-] yùxiān (advance-before) beforehand, in advance: ~练习 practice beforehand || ~安排 arrange beforehand || ~商量 (shāngliang) discuss beforehand ' next, following 10 接下来 [-] jiē xià lái (follow-next) next, following: 我们~讨论这个 问题. Next we’ll discuss this issue. || 他~还要去非洲旅游. Next he’ll be travel to Africa. ' from now on, since then 16 从此 [從-] cóngcǐ (from-this) from now on, since then: ~开始 start from that point || ~消失 from now on will be revoked, eliminated || ~不理他 from now on pay no attention to him ' in advance, beforehand 6 先期 [-] xiānqī (ahead-time) in advance, beforehand: ~到达 arrive in advance || ~开工 go into operation in advance || ~行动 take action beforehand ' will, shall 25 将要 [將-] jiāngyào (shall-will) will, shall: ~出现 will emerge || ~到 来 will arrive || ~开始 will start ' will, shall 27 就要 [-] jiùyào (right-will) will, shall: ~下雨了. It will rain. || ~开始 了. It will start. || ~走了 will leave ' always (previously), a period of time in the recent past 26 一向 [-] yīxiàng (consistently-always) always (previously), a period of time in the recent past: ~听话 have recently heard || ~老实 has always been honest || ~努力 has always been hardworking ' needless to say 7 不用说 [--説] bú yòng shuō (not-need-say) needless to say: ~一千块, 就 是两千块他也付得起. Don’t mention 1000, he could even afford to pay 2,000. ' cannot go so far, most unlikely 11 不至于 [--於] bùzhìyú (not-arriving-at) cannot go so far, most unlikely: ~这么脏 It is not supposed to be so dirty || ~挨饿 (ái’è) be unlikely suffering from hunger || 虽然堵点儿车, 但是~用两个小时吧? Even though there is a little bit of traffic, it won’t necessarily take two hours. ' at, in,on 3 于 [於] yú (at) at, in,on: ~四月出生 Born in April || ~广州成立set up in Guangzhou || 生~1984年born in 1984 '| Goethebuch | Vietnamese |
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| 3 Getting to know others 03A 0039 ZH TH VI EN DE ES PT IT FR NL HR SR RU UK CS PL BS EL HI UR FA AR HE JA KO DA NO NN ID | 你好吗 / 最近怎么样? สบายดีไหม ครับ♂ / สบายดีไหม คะ♀? Khỏe không? Wie geht’s? How are you? Come va? |