past, in the past previously originally in the past before, previously original, former originally, formerly as stated (or mentioned, described) above 
ehemals vorher ehemals vorher vorher ehemals ehemals Wie oben erwähnt 
ex precedentemente ex precedentemente precedentemente ex ex Come detto in precedenza 
anciennement précédemment anciennement précédemment précédemment anciennement anciennement Comme mentionné ci-dessus 
anteriormente anteriormente anteriormente anteriormente anteriormente anteriormente anteriormente Como se ha mencionado anteriormente past, in the past 10 从前 [從-] cóngqián (from-before) past, in the past: 我~不认识他. I didn’t know him. || 中国跟 ~不一样了. China is very different from what it was before. ' previously 18 此前 [-] cǐqián (this-before) previously: ~一天 one day ago || 我 ~听说 过这件事. I have heard of this thing previously. ' originally 54 原先 [-] yuánxiān (original-earlier) originally: ~的房间 original room || ~的地方 original place || ~的想法 original thought 261 ' in the past 55 以往 [-] yǐwǎng (from-past) in the past: ~几年 the past few years || ~的 历史 old history || ~的经验 past experience ' before, previously 56 先前 [-] xiānqián (earlier-before) before, previously: ~看过 seen before || ~的习惯 previous habits || ~的速度 previous speed ' original, former 10 原来 [-來] yuánlái (origin-incoming) original, former: ~的公司 former company || ~的样子 original way || ~的地方 original place ' originally, formerly 6 原来 [-來] yuánlái (originally-was) originally, formerly: ~是你 originally was you || ~打算早点出发 originally expected to depart || ~如此. So that’s the way it is. ' as stated (or mentioned, described) above 7 如上所述 [-] rú shàng suǒ shù (as-above-what-mentioned) as stated (or mentioned, described) above: ~, 我们坚信保护环境从长远看是有利于 发展经济的. As we say above, we believe that protecting the environment will benefit the economy in the long run. '| Goethebuch | Vietnamese |
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