296 Conjunctions, concessive 让步连词 (ràngbù liáncí)

though, although, even if
though, although, even if
though, even though, in spite of, despite
[used correlatively with也] even if
even, even if
even, no matter how
even if, granted that
since, as well as
since, as, now that
otherwise

1 虽然 [雖-] suīrán (although-this) though, although, even if: 他~睡得 少, 但是一点不困. Although he slept little, he was not tired at all. || ~他年纪 小, 但是很懂事. Although he is young, he is sensible. '
2 虽 [雖] suī (although) though, although, even if: 这家餐馆的饭菜 ~贵, 但很好吃. The food in this restaurant is expensive, but it is delicious. || 她妈妈~对她严厉, 但很爱她. Her mother is strict with her, but she loves her very much. '
3 尽管 [儘-] jǐnguǎn (only-care) though, even though, in spite of, despite: ~中文很难, 但他还是坚持 (jiānchí) 学中文. Although it is difficult to learn Chinese, he still persisted in learning it. || ~六十多岁了, 他还是显 得 (xiǎnde) 很年轻. Although he is over 60, he still looks very young. '
4 就是 [-] jiùshì (even-be) [used correlatively with也] even if: 他每 天想着赚钱, ~做梦梦见的也是钱. He was thinking about making money every day, even dreamed of money. '
5 即使 [-] jíshǐ (even-if) even, even if: ~报酬 (bàochou) 很高, 大家 也不愿意干那份工作. Even if the pay is very high, people will not be willing to do that job. || ~今天记住了, 过两天又忘了. Even if you remember it today, you will forget it two days later. '
6 哪怕 [-] nǎpà (whatsoever-maybe) even, no matter how: 有了互联 网, ~不出家门, 也能知道所有事情. With the internet, it is possible to know everything even if you don’t go out. || ~不睡觉, 也要把事情做完. Get things done even if you don’t sleep. '
7 就算 [-] jiùsuàn (even-granted) even if, granted that: ~做得很好, 你也 不应该骄傲 (jiāo’ào) 吧. Granted, you have done well, but there is no reason to be conceited. || ~知道, 也不想告诉你. Even if I knew, I wouldn’t tell you. '
8 既 [-] jì (since) since, as well as: 你~这么坚决要到中国工作, 我就 不劝你了. Since you are so determined to work in China, I will not advise you anymore. || 这种手机~不实用, 又不美观 (měiguān). This kind of mobile phone is neither useful nor attractive. '
9 既然 [-] jìrán (since-this) since, as, now that: ~你已经感冒了, 吃 这种药就没什么用了. Now that you’ve got a cold, it is useless to take this 827 medicine. || ~如此, 我们应该更爱护 (àihù) 环境. In this case, we should take better care of the environment. '
10 要不然 [-] yàoburán (if-not-this) otherwise: 等打折的时候再买 苹果手机吧, ~太贵了. Buy an iPhone when it’s on sale, otherwise it’s too expensive. || 我起得太晚了, ~也不会上课迟到. I got up too late, but I won’t be late for class. || 我们明天去游泳吧, ~就去钓鱼. Let’s go swimming tomorrow, or we’ll go fishing. '

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